Table 3 Socioeconomic parameters analysis according to the national population (308 municipalities), the municipalities where no IRD patients reside (118 municipalities), the municipalities where IRD patients reside (190 municipalities) and the municipalities with a prevalence equal to or greater than the 75th (47 municipalities) and 90th (20 municipalities) percentiles
From: The socioeconomic epidemiology of inherited retinal diseases in Portugal
NAT Value 2021* (N = 308) | MUN without IRD (N = 118) | MUN with IRD (N = 190) | MUN with IRD PR ≥ P75 (N = 47) | MUN with IRD PR ≥ P90 (N = 20) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
POPULATION | |||||
Population density Number of people per km2 | 112.2 | 93.6 (±294.1) | 416.4 (±975.6) | 103.6 (±151.1) | 67.2 (±47.9) |
Working age population rate Between 15 and 64 years (%) | 63.7 | 59.5 (±5.7) | 61.4 (±4.6) | 58.7 (±4.6) | 57.7 (±4.7) |
Elderly population Older than 65 years (%) | 23.4 | 29.4 (±7.5) | 26.8 (±6.4) | 30.5 (±6.4) | 32.1 (±6.6) |
Ageing index Elderly per 100 young people | 182.1 | 288.7 (±136.0) | 244.1 (±114.9) | 305.1 (±133.0) | 346.0 (±161.8) |
Total dependency index Young and old per 100 people of working age | 57 | 69.6 (±16.5) | 63.9 (±13.2) | 71.4 (±14.1) | 74.5 (±15.5) |
Resident foreign population rate Foreign nationals in total population (%) | 6.7 | 5.1 (±7.6) | 4.3 (±4.4) | 3.5 (±2.9) | 3.3 (±2.1) |
Crude birth rate Births per 1000 residents | 7.7 | 6.4 (±2.0) | 6.7 (±1.6) | 6.0 (±1.4)) | 5.8 (±1.7) |
Crude death rate Deaths per 1000 residents | 12 | 17.4 (±5.4) | 14.1 (±4.3) | 16.5 (±4.5) | 17.5 (±4.5) |
Child mortality rate Children under one year old died per 1000 births | 2.4 | 2.2 (±9.2) | 2.1 (±5.7) | 2.5 (±8.9) | 1.6 (±5.5) |
EDUCATION | |||||
Illiteracy rate People who cannot read or write (%) | 3.1 | 5.6 (±2.3) | 4.2 (±1.9) | 5.1 (±1.8) | 5.2 (±2.0) |
No educational qualifications Resident population aged 15 (%) | 5.9 | 9.8 (±2.9) | 7.4 (±2.6) | 8.8 (±2.4) | 9.0 (±2.6) |
1st cycle as the highest educational level obtained Resident population aged 15 and over (%) | 22.3 | 29.5 (±5.6) | 26.7 (±6.3) | 30.5 (±5.6) | 31.4 (±5.6) |
2nd cycle as the highest educational level obtained Resident population aged 15 and over (%) | 9.6 | 11.1 (±2.2) | 10.2 (±2.1) | 9.9 (±1.6) | 9.5 (±1.1) |
3rd cycle as the highest educational level obtained Resident population aged 15 and over (%) | 17.8 | 17.1 (±2.5) | 17.5 (±2.0) | 17.0 (±2.1) | 17.1 (±2.3) |
Upper-secondary as the highest educational level obtained Resident population aged 15 and over (%) | 23.5 | 20.1 (±3.0) | 22.0 (±3.3) | 20.3 (±2.6) | 20.4 (±2.8) |
Higher education as the highest educational level obtained Resident population aged 15 and over (%) | 19.8 | 11.5 (±2.7) | 15.2 (±5.8) | 12.6 (±4.6) | 11.7 (±2.8) |
HEALTH | |||||
Inhabitants per doctor Average number of people per doctor | 176.4 | 644.4 (±314.9) | 438.7 (±292.4) | 606.4 (±410.1) | 689.5 (±498.6) |
Inhabitants per pharmacist Average number of people per pharmacist | 645.4 | 1253.7 (±531.3) | 923.6 (±422.8) | 1056.0 (±673.4) | 937.8 (±343.8) |
Inhabitants per non-specialist doctor Average number of people per | 457.9 | 1252.1 (±809.8) | 877.3 (±562.4) | 1081.0 (±666.1) | 1135.1 (±658.7) |
Inhabitants per general practitioner Average number of people per general practitioner | 1261.9 | 2745.6 (±1876.1) | 2157.4 (±1534.6) | 2496.2 (±1560.8) | 2710.8 (±1429.7) |
EMPLOYMENT AND LABOUR MARKET | |||||
Registered unemployed rate People between 15 and 64 years looking for a job registered in the IEFP (%) | 5.9 | 6.2 (±2.1) | 5.5 (±2.0) | 5.2 (±2.2) | 4.7 (±1.9) |
SOCIAL PROTECTION | |||||
Unemployment allowance of Social Security Beneficiaries per 100 residents | 1.6 | 1.4 (±0.6) | 1.4 (±0.6) | 1.1 (±0.4) | 1.0 (±0.3) |
Guaranteed Minimum Income and Social Security Integration Benefit Beneficiaries per 100 residents | 2.9 | 3.4 (±2.8) | 2.5 (±1.7) | 2.2 (±1.4) | 2.0 (±1.0) |
Disability allowance of Social Security Beneficiaries per 100 residents | 1.0 | 0.8 (±0,5) | 1.0 (±0.4) | 0.8 (±0.3) | 0.7 (±0.3) |
Tertiary care allowance of Social Security Beneficiaries per 100 residents | 0.1 | 0.1 (±0.1) | 0.1 (±0.0) | 0.1 (±0.0) | 0.1 (±0.1) |
Pension of Social Security (any type) Beneficiaries per 100 residents | 28.8 | 33.0 (±9.3) | 31.0 (±6.3) | 35.0 (±6.3) | 36.9 (±6.4) |
Elderly pension of Social Security Beneficiaries per 100 residents | 20.0 | 22.3 (±5.8) | 21.3 (±4.4) | 23.8 (±4.4) | 25.1 (±4.6) |
Disability pension of Social Security Beneficiaries per 100 residents | 1.7 | 2.2 (±0.9) | 1.9 (±0.7) | 2.1 (±0.8) | 2.2 (±0.7) |
Survivor pension of Social Security Beneficiaries per 100 residents | 7.1 | 9.0 (±2.0) | 7.9 (±1.8) | 9.0 (±1.9) | 9.6 (±1.9) |
HOUSING, COMFORT AND LIVING CONDITIONS | |||||
Bank valuation per m2of houses Median value in Euro | 1231.0 | 945.97 (±346.1) | 972.5 (±379.1) | 786.8 (±196.0) | 725.3 (±108.0) |
ENVIRONMENT, ENERGY AND TERRITORY | |||||
Water quality for human consumption Piped and good quality water (%) | 99.0 | 98.9 (±1.7) | 99.3 (±0.9) | 99.2 (±0.8) | 99.1 (±0.7) |
Street lighting Electricity consumption per kilowatt-hour (kWh) | 107.30 | 196.4 (±156.1) | 138.5 (±73.7) | 176.8 (±91.7) | 194.5 (±105.8) |
Maximum altitude Compared to mean sea level (m) | 2351 | 768.6 (±491.1) | 674.3 (±451.7) | 759.3 (±495.5) | 844.6 (±541.0) |
Minimum altitude Compared to mean sea level (m) | 0 | 105.5 (±126.4) | 73.6 (±105.0) | 100.8 (±110.4) | 124.9 (±128.1) |
Rural fires Fires in forests, bushes or farms by municipality | 29.4 | 17.9 (±16.4) | 35.6 (±34.9) | 15.3 (±16.4) | 10.3 (±7.2) |
JUSTICE AND SECURITY | |||||
Total crimes Registered by the police per 1000 inhabitants | 29.1 | 27.7 (±10.7) | 25.5 (±7.6) | 23.0 (±6.8) | 22.9 (±6.4) |
Domestic violence against a spouse or equivalent Registered by the police per 1000 inhabitants | 2.2 | 2.3 (±1.1) | 2.1 (±0.7) | 2.0 (±0.7) | 2.2 (±0.9) |
ELECTORAL PARTICIPATION | |||||
Abstention rate for Assembly of the Republic election In 2022 (%) | 48.6 | 47.2 (±8.1) | 44.0 (±5.8) | 44.2 (±4.7) | 43.4 (±4.3) |
Abstention rate for Presidency of the Republic election In 2021 (%) | 60.8 | 59.5 (±6.3) | 57.7 (±5.9) | 59.1 (±5.4) | 58.8 (±6.0) |
Abstention rate for Local Authorities election In 2021 (%) | 46.4 | 36.1 (±8.2) | 42.1 (±8.7) | 37.7 (±7.6) | 36.4 (±7.6) |
Abstention rate for European Parliament election In 2019 (%) | 69.3 | 68.4 (±6.7) | 67.1 (±5.4) | 67.4 (±5.6) | 66.3 (±6.2) |
CULTURE | |||||
Spectators in movie theaters Number per 1000 residents | 528.9 | 64.4 (±279.1) | 213.6 (±441.4) | 71.0 (±228.5) | 42.4 (±113.6) |
Spectators at live art events Number per 1000 residents | 344.4 | 328.6 (±274.2) | 331.9 (±360.7) | 462.6 (±543.9) | 491.9 (±652.5) |
TOURISM | |||||
Nights in tourist accommodations Number per 100 inhabitants | 360.3 | 590.1 (±976.3) | 319.0 (±759.9) | 335.3 (±627.2) | 248.3 (±378.8) |
Foreign guests in tourist accommodations Number per 100 inhabitants | 40.9 | 21.7 (±20.0) | 19.1 (±14.2) | 13.5 (±9.7) | 11.2 (±7.5) |
Numeric values correspond to mean (± standard deviation) Abbreviations: IEFP, Institute of Employment and Training; IRD, inherited retinal dystrophy; MUN, municipalities; N, number; NAT, national; PR, prevalence | |||||