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Table 3 Ultrasonographic measurement results at baseline and after 4 weeks and 12 weeks of ESWT

From: Therapeutic effects of extracorporeal shock wave therapy on patients with spastic cerebral palsy and Rett syndrome: clinical and ultrasonographic findings

 

RETT measurement

CP measurement

Comparison of two groups

Variables (Mean ± SEM)

1

(Baseline)

2

(4 weeks)

3

(12 weeks)

pa

1

(Baseline)

2

(4 weeks)

3

(12 weeks)

pa

pb

pc

Muscle thickness (mm)

GCM-M

10.12 ± 0.41

11.8 ± 0.84

11.28 ± 0.77

0.260

10.24 ± 1.14

11.29 ± 0.95

11.52 ± 0.90

0.145

0.726

0.886

SOL

11.31 ± 1.17

10.78 ± 0.81

9.77 ± 0.88

0.154

11.17 ± 1.19

10.60 ± 0.85

10.58 ± 0.78

0.158

0.938

0.426

GCM-L

8.41 ± 0.87

7.26 ± 0.71

8.06 ± 0.55

0.223

7.64 ± 0.69

8.13 ± 0.68

7.93 ± 0.60

0.617

0.586

0.361

ARFI shear wave speed (m/s)

GCM-M

1.46 ± 0.35§

1.96 ± 0.23

2.42 ± 0.14§

0.030*

2.59 ± 0.13

2.40 ± 0.14

2.35 ± 0.11

0.038*

0.010*

0.000***

SOL

1.24 ± 0.18§

1.71 ± 0.19

1.97 ± 0.13§

0.030*

2.00 ± 0.12

1.87 ± 0.10

1.87 ± 0.09

0.189

0.008**

0.000***

GCM-L

1.50 ± 0.24

1.93 ± 0.21

2.11 ± 0.11

0.115

2.29 ± 0.10

2.21 ± 0.14

2.20 ± 0.11

0.766

0.009**

0.000***

  1. p value: *< 0.05, **< 0.01, ***< 0.001
  2. pa: Comparison between three assessing time points, Friedman's two-way analysis of variance
  3. pb: Comparison between the group of Rett syndrome and CP at baseline, Mann–Whitney Test
  4. pc: Comparison of the alteration from baseline to 12 weeks between the group of Rett syndrome and CP, GEE
  5. §: Comparison between baseline and 12th week, p value: < 0.05, multiple comparison of Friedman's two-way analysis of variance
  6. CP Cerebral palsy, RETT Rett syndrome, SEM Standard error of the mean, GCM-M Gastrocnemius medial head, SOL Soleus muscle, GCM-L Gastrocnemius lateral head
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Orphanet Journal of Rare Diseases

ISSN: 1750-1172