Table 2 List of statistically significant metabolites in DMD vs. HC comparisons

Amino acids

Glutamic acid

ESI-

73.431

128.036

M-H₂O-H

-1.181

< 0.001

1.955

↓

Glutamine

ESI+

47.218

146.080

M + H

-1.072

< 0.001

1.857

↓

Hippuric acid

ESI-

300.935

178.051

M-H

-0.802

0.021

1.009

↓

Phenylacetyl-glutamine

ESI-

348.896

527.213

2 M-H

1.143

< 0.001

2.008

↑

Valine

ESI-

420.136

293.176

2 M + Hac-H

1.072

0.005

1.263

↑

Unsaturated fatty acids

β-Linolenic acid

ESI-

419.308

279.232

M-H

-0.766

0.0001

1.582

↓

Carnitine

Linoleyl carnitine

ESI+

435.747

424.342

M + H

-0.784

< 0.001

1.536

↓

Oleoylcarnitine

ESI+

461.927

426.358

M + H

-0.766

< 0.001

1.635

↓

Bile acids

Glycocholic acid

ESI-

372.288

464.302

M-H

1.121

0.005

1.122

↑

Glycodeoxycholic acid

ESI-

406.477

448.307

M-H

0.950

0.0004

1.460

↑

Glycoursodeoxycholic acid

ESI+

406.026

450.322

M + H

1.031

< 0.001

1.543

↑

Deoxycholic acid

ESI+

462.698

357.279

M + H-2H₂O

1.174

0.002

1.323

↑

Lipids

PC 32:0

ESI+

1117.300

756.555

M + Na

0.712

0.006

1.058

↑

PC 32:2

ESI+

730.026

730.539

M + H

0.872

0.029

1.018

↑

LPE 18:0

ESI-

552.975

480.310

M-H

0.655

< 0.001

2.289

↑

LPE 20:1

ESI-

590.366

506.326

M-H

0.748

< 0.001

1.656

↑

LPE 20:2

ESI-

526.317

504.311

M-H

0.856

< 0.001

2.269

↑

LPE (18:0/0:0)

ESI+

574.100

482.324

M + H

0.785

< 0.001

2.489

↑

LPI 20:1

ESI-

386.676

625.361

M-H

0.799

< 0.001

1.997

↑

LPE 16:1

ESI-

444.569

450.263

M-H

0.803

< 0.001

1.733

↑

LPC 20:3

ESI-

405.790

590.235

M + FA-H

0.976

< 0.001

1.525

↑

LPC 15:0

ESI+

487.913

504.309

M + Na

0.634

< 0.001

1.675

↑

SM d34:0

ESI+

1118.730

705.591

M + H

0.851

< 0.001

1.360

↑

SM d36:2

ESI+

812.360

729.590

M + H

0.983

0.002

1.203

↑

SM 34:1

ESI+

729.672

725.557

M + Na

1.034

< 0.001

1.383

↑