|
Clinical chemistry
|
|
Urea
|
Plasma
|
3.5 + 1.8 [0.4–8.0] (84)
|
6.3 + 2.9 [0.6–15.3] (103)
|
< 0.0001
|
No
|
3.0 + 1.6 [1.0–8.2] (93)
|
9.1 + 8.0 [1.8–25.3] (10)
|
0.0043
|
Yes
|
|
Glucose
|
Plasma
|
5.1 + 1.1 [3.8–10.9] (104)
|
6.2 + 5.4 [1.2–44.8] (194)
|
< 0.0001
|
Yes
|
5.2 + 1.1 [3.7–11.2] (86)
|
6.1 + 1.2 [4.8–9.5] (27)
|
0.0288
|
No
|
|
Ammonia
|
Plasma
|
75 + 41 [9–222] (107)
|
115 + 221 [21–1807] (170)
|
< 0.0001
|
Yes
|
45 + 22 [13–97] (66)
|
49 + 33 [20–161] (22)
|
NS
| |
|
Calcium ionized
|
Plasma
|
1.30 + 0.06 [1.09–1.38] (33)
|
1.22 + 0.08 [0.91–1.32] (75)
|
0.0001
|
No
|
1.27 + 0.05 [1.07–1.35] (40)
|
1.22 + 0.06 [1.14–1.32] (10)
|
NS
| |
|
Targeted metabolic assays
|
|
Leucine
|
Plasma
|
59 + 23 [31–152] (73)
|
113 + 65 [16–318] (34)
|
< 0.0001
|
No
|
77 + 40 [34–223] (77)
|
97 + 11 [89–104] (2)
|
NS
| |
|
Phenylalanine
|
Plasma
|
37 + 8 [26–61] (73)
|
54 + 22 [32–146] (34)
|
0.0001
|
No
|
45 + 14 [24–110] (77)
|
77 + 16 [65–88] (2)
|
NS
| |
|
Valine
|
Plasma
|
66 + 26 [20–183] (73)
|
121 + 72 [25+ 344] (34)
|
0.0019
|
Yes
|
107 + 42 [41–217] (77)
|
143 + 11 [135–150] (2)
|
NS
| |
|
Isoleucine
|
Plasma
|
21 + 9 [7–48] (73)
|
40 + 28 [8–131] (29)
|
0.0104
|
Yes
|
32 + 15 [7–84] (77)
|
43 + 12 [34–51] (2)
|
NS
| |
|
Lactic acid
|
Urine
|
46 + 206 [18–1067] (30)
|
878 + 3462 [201–11,273] (16)
|
< 0.0001
|
Yes
|
41 + 314 [2–3424] (149)
|
123 + 133 [40–425] (7)
|
NS
| |
|
3-Hydroxybutyric acid
|
Urine
|
10 + 190 [2–766] (16)
|
366 + 1311 [152–5284] (15)
|
0.0052
|
Yes
|
9 + 503 [0–3377] (50)
|
14 + 2867 [9–6436] (5)
|
NS
| |
|
Pyruvic acid
|
Urine
|
29 + 24 [4–121] (24)
|
103 + 180 [23–712] (15)
|
0.0115
|
No
|
15 + 12 [0–76] (72)
|
33 + 13 [11–45] (5)
|
NS
| |
|
Glutamine
|
Plasma
|
494 + 105 [252–793] (73)
|
383 + 110 [189–698] (34)
|
0.0066
|
Yes
|
380 + 126 [190–736] (77)
|
303 + 13 [294–312] (2)
|
NS
| |
|
Citrulline
|
Plasma
|
28 + 8 [6–50] (73)
|
17 + 11 [4–53] (34)
|
0.0073
|
Yes
|
24 + 16 [8–133] (77)
|
19 + 6 [14–23] (2)
|
NS
| |
|
C10-carnitine
|
Plasma
|
0.08 + 0.02 [0.04–0.14] (31)
|
0.04 + 0.03 [0.02–0.15] (22)
|
0.0296
|
No
|
0.16 + 0.79 [0.03–5.09] (68)
|
0.10 + 0.07 [0.04–0.18] (3)
|
NS
| |
|
Free carnitine
|
Plasma
|
38.9 + 16.8 [7.0–93.3] (56)
|
22.0 + 12.4 [8.0–70.1] (25)
|
0.0370
|
Yes
|
42.8 + 21.2 [3.0–105.7] (89)
|
45.5 + 66.4 [18.1–144.3] (3)
|
NS
| |
|
C8-carnitine
|
Plasma
|
0.05 + 0.01 [0.03–0.09] (29)
|
0.03 + 0.02 [0.01–0.10] (22)
|
0.0446
|
No
|
0.11 + 0.59 [0.03–3.69] (68)
|
0.09 + 0.04 [0.04–0.12] (3)
|
NS
| |
|
Homovanillic acid
|
Urine
|
8.3 + 7.5 [4.0–35.0] (22)
|
2.0 + 1.9 [1.0–7.0] (15)
|
0.0166
|
No
|
5.0 + 4.9 [1.0–27.5] (71)
|
1.0–5.0 [1.0–12.0] (5)
|
NS
| |
|
Untargeted DI-HRMS
|
|
Acetylcysteine
|
Plasma
|
−0.2 + 1.6 [− 1.6–4.2] (23)
|
3.9 + 10.1 [0.5–41.6] (15)
|
0.0031
|
No
|
0.2 + 1.0 [− 2.2–2.7] (51)
|
0.9 + 1.6 [− 0.3–2.1] (2)
|
NS
| |
|
Cortisol (2 isomers)
|
Plasma
|
0.1 + 0.9 [− 1.8–0.8] (23)
|
1.6 + 1.1 [− 0.8–4.0] (15)
|
0.0208
|
No
|
0.1 + 1.0 [− 1.8–2.8] (51)
|
0.2 + 2.9 [− 1.9–2.2] (2)
|
NS
| |
|
3-Hydroxyisovaleric acid (10 isomers)
|
Plasma
|
0.0 + 7.5 [− 1.9–33.8] (23)
|
12.3 + 13.6 [4.3–58.7] (15)
|
0.0412
|
Yes
|
0.0 + 0.7 [− 0.6–3.4] (51)
|
1.9 + 2.7 [− 0.1–3.8] (2)
|
NS
| |
|
Fructoseglycine
|
Plasma
|
7.6 + 5.7 [− 0.8–25.8] (23)
|
0.9 + 2.6 [− 1.3–6.2] (15)
|
0.0073
|
No
|
2.2 + 2.2 [− 1.2–7.6] (51)
|
3.0 + 1.6 [1.8–4.1] (2)
|
NS
| |
