Table 3 Studies and case reports that discussed the use of Rilonacept in FMF

Hashkes et al. [89]

8 males and 6 females were randomly assigned to one of 4 treatment sequences that each included two 3-month courses of rilonacept by weekly subcutaneous injection, and two 3-month courses of placebo.

During the treatment periods with rilonacept, patients had fewer attacks of FMF than with placebo, and more patients had a decrease to less than 50% of their previous baseline number. Patients also reported better physical aspects of quality of life with rilonacept. Patients had pain with the rilonacept injections more often than with placebo.

Hashkes et al. [90]

14 FMF patients with their parents completed the modified Child Health Questionnaire at baseline, and at the start and end of each of 4 treatment courses, 2 each with rilonacept and placebo.

There were significant improvements in most health-related quality of life concepts after rilonacept but not placebo. Significant differences between rilonacept and placebo were found in the physical but not psychosocial scores.

Sakallioglu et al. [91]

A case of a 15 year-old boy with polyarthritis while on colchicine treatment for FMF. His polyarthritis was resistant to treatment with prednisolone and methotrexate when etanercept was started.

He responded dramatically to etanercept and remained in full remission until 4 months when the drug was discontinued due to social and financial causes.