Safety of direct oral anticoagulants in patients with hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia

Table 4 Comparison with conventional anticoagulants

	Total of HHT cases	Nosebleeds no different or better	Nosebleeds Worse- all severities	Nosebleeds Worse- extreme responses
Warfarin	64	22 (34.3%)^†	39 (60.9%)	3 (4.7%) ^‡
Subcutaneous heparin^	52	22 (42.3%) ^†	28 (53.9 [39.8, 67.9])	None recorded^‡
Intravenous heparin	41	16 (39.0%) ^†	22 (53.7 [37.7, 69.6])	2 (4.9%)^‡
Apixaban	15	4 (26.7%)	11 (73.3%)	3 (20%)
Rivaroxaban	14	2 (14.3%)	12 (85.7%)	5 (35.7%)
Dabigatran	5 ^€	2 (40%) ^†	3 (60%)	None recorded ^‡

Comparison of current series and data in different study populations previously published in [15]. ^†Improvement in nosebleeds were reported for warfarin (n = 2), subcutaneous heparin (n = 2), intravenous heparin (n = 3) and Dabigatran (n = 1). ^‡ Extended analysis of comments in primary SurveyMonkey data. ^ includes low molecular weight heparins. ^€Includes 2 published cases [15] with dosages of 75 mg a day. While the different methodologies and study populations mean that any comparative statistics should be used with caution, the Chi-squared p values comparing two categories (not worse/worse) to warfarin were Apixaban p = 0.56; Rivaroxaban p = 0.20. Chi-squared p values comparing 3 categories (not worse, worse but not extreme, extreme) to warfarin were Apixaban p = 0.15; Rivaroxaban p = 0.003

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