Table 4 Estimated direct medical cost (¥) of outpatients with different characteristics

 ≤ 14

Ref.

N.A.

5235 (2398–11,427)

< 0.001

 15~64

−0.753

< 0.001

2466 (1136–5354)

0.056

 ≥ 65

−1.471

< 0.001

1202 (545–2651)

< 0.001

 Female

Ref.

N.A.

2153 (983–4716)

< 0.001

 Male

0.294

< 0.001

2889 (1331–6274)

0.910

 Endocrine and metabolic disease

Ref.

N.A.

2902 (1524–5526)

< 0.001

 Skin disease

0.020

0.959

2961 (1100–7969)

< 0.001

 Blood disease

1.089

< 0.001

8623 (4537–16,390)

< 0.001

 Digestive disease

0.834

< 0.001

6681 (3483–12,813)

< 0.001

 Bone disease

−0.141

0.773

2521 (799–7954)

< 0.001

 Cardiovascular disease

0.701

< 0.001

5847 (2915–11,728)

< 0.001

 Immunological disease

−3.927

0.010

57 (3–1233)

0.110

 Kidney disease

0.213

0.756

3591 (809–15,935)

< 0.001

 1

Ref.

N.A.

160 (76–338)

< 0.001

 2

0.445

< 0.001

250 (118–529)

< 0.001

 3

1.668

< 0.001

847 (393–1830)

0.234

 4

1.784

< 0.001

952 (419–2163)

0.003

 5

2.621

< 0.001

2199 (903–5358)

0.001

 6

3.633

< 0.001

6051 (2180–16,797)

0.336

 7

3.602

< 0.001

5864 (1954–17,597)

0.003

 8

3.892

< 0.001

7835 (2133–28,780)

0.024

 9

4.718

< 0.001

17,899 (4859–65,922)

0.128

 > 10

5.108

< 0.001

26,452 (9963–70,228)

< 0.001

 Social Security Card

Ref.

N.A.

2696 (1800–4897)

< 0.001

 Medicare Card

−1.044

< 0.001

1045 (634–1724)

0.006

 Hospital Link Card

−0.579

< 0.001

1664 (1015–2726)

< 0.001

 Hospital Self-Charge Card

−0.110

0.395

2660 (1550–4565)

< 0.001

 Others

0.862

0.574

7032 (335–147,832)

0.690