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Table 1 Small-molecule disorders of IEMs in KAMC (2001–2014). Total numbers of live births (110,601)

From: Thirteen year retrospective review of the spectrum of inborn errors of metabolism presenting in a tertiary center in Saudi Arabia

Disease category

Number of cases diagnosed

Incidence per 100,000

Mean age at diagnosis

Median age at diagnosis

Range of age

Organic acidemias

34

30

1.8 years

60 days

1 day–10 years

Propionic acidemia

9

 

30.2 days

20 days

1 day–6 months

Methylmalonic acidemia

7

    

Mutase deficiency

5

    

Cobalamin A defect

1

    

Cobalamin C defect

1

    

Glutaric acidemia

3

    

3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA lyase deficiency

4

    

3-Methylcrotonylco A carboxylase deficiency

3

    

Biotinidase deficiency

3

    

3-Methylglutaconic Aciduria Type III

1

    

Ethylmalonic encephalopathy

1

    

B-ketothiolase deficiency

1

    

Isovaleric acidemia

1

    

Malonic aciduria

1

    

Aminoacidopathies

30

27

3.3 years

10.5 months

1 day–13 years

Homocystinuria

14

 

7 years

7.5 years

 

 • Classical

11

    

 • MTHFR deficiency

2

    

 • MAT deficiency

1

    

PKU

5

    

 • Classical

3

    

 • Non-PKU hyperphenylalaninemia

2

    

Biopterin Synthesis Defect PTPS deficiency

4

    

MSUD

5

    

Asparagine synthetase deficiency

2

    

Vitamins responsive disorders

18

16

5.7 years

5.5 years

6 months–10 years

Biotin Thiamine Responsive Basal Ganglia Disease

17

    

Pyridoxine-dependent epilepsy

1

    

Inborn Errors of Carbohydrates

12

11

3.1 years

1.3 years

1 week–7 years

Galactosemia

4

    

Transaldolase deficiency

6

    

Hereditary fructose intolerance

1

    

Fructose 1,6 bisphosphatase deficiency

1

    

Urea Cycle Disorders

12

11

12 days

7 days

1 day–30 days

Argininosuccinic Aciduria

8

    

Citrullinemia

4

    

Fatty Acid Oxidation Defects

5

4

1.4 years

2 days

2 days–7 years

VLCAD deficiency

3

 

21 days

2 days

2 days–60 days

MCAD deficiency

1

 

2 days

2 days

2 days

Carnitine uptake defect

1

 

7 years

7 years

7 years

Aminoacids transport defect

5

4

10 years

11 years

6–13 years

Cystinuria

5

    

Metal transport defect

2

2

8.5 years

8.5 years

7–10 years

Wilson disease

2

    

Disorders of Haem biosynthesis

2

2

12.5 years

12.5 years

12–13 years

Acute intermittent porphyria

2

    

Cholesterol biosynthesis defect

1

1

1 year

1 year

1 year

CHILD syndrome

1

    

Total

121

109

3.3 years

9 months

1 day–13 years

  1. MTHFR methylenetetrahydrofolatereductase, MAT methionine adenosyltransferase, PKU phenylketonuria, MSUD maple syrup urine disease, VLCAD very long-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase, MCAD medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase, CHILD Congenital hemidysplasia with ichthyosiform erythroderma and limb defects, PTPS 6-Pyruvoyl-Tetrahydropterin Synthase