Figure 2

Increased mineralization in retroviral FOP iPS cells. (A) von Kossa staining of retroviral control and vFOP1 and vFOP2 iPS cells after culture in mineralizing conditions. Mineral is detected as black staining by von Kossa. (B) Quantitation of mineralization intensity. Error bars represent the average of the two control or four FOP iPS lines, with at least three replicates at each time, +/− 1 SEM. (C, D) Electron microscopy of day 24 mineralization cultures from vWTb or vFOP1-4 iPS cells showing collagen-like fibers (c) embedded within the mineralizing matrix (m). Scale bar = 500 nm. (E) Quantitative PCR expression analysis of the mineralizing cultures. Two control and three FOP lines were pooled together for the expression analysis from triplicates for each time point. Error bars represent average expression +/− 1 SEM.