From: Parental risk factors and anorectal malformations: systematic review and meta-analysis
 |  | Maternal illicit drug use |  |  |
---|---|---|---|---|
Ref. |    First author, year | Exposure | OR [95% CI] | Adjustment/matching factors |
[41] |    van Gelder, 2009* | Cannabis use Cocaine use | 0.7 [0.4, 1.2] 0.4 [0.1, 2.7] | Adjusted for: maternal age at delivery, race or ethnicity, level of education, cigarette smoking, binge drinking, pregnancy BMI and periconceptional folic acid use |
 |  | Stimulant use | 1.1 [0.3, 3.8] | Adjusted for: maternal age at delivery, level of education, binge drinking, pregnancy BMI and periconceptional folic acid use |
[1] |    Forrester, 2007§†| Methamphetamine use Cocaine use Marijuana use | 3.19 [0.87, 11.73] 6.01 [1.05, 34.27] 10.57 [2.87, 38.96] | - |