|
Cramps
|
• Carbamazepine
|
• Physiotherapy
|
| |
• Phenytoin
|
• Physical exercise
|
| |
• Quinine (removed from US market)
|
• Massage
|
| | |
• Hydrotherapy
|
|
Spasticity
|
• Baclofen
|
• Physiotherapy
|
| |
• Tizanidine
|
• Hydrotherapy
|
| |
• Dantrolene
|
• Cryotherapy
|
| |
• Botulinum toxin type A
| |
|
Excessive watery saliva
|
• Atropine
|
• Home suction device
|
| |
• Hyoscine hydrobromide
|
• Dark grape juice
|
| |
• Hyoscine butylbromide
|
• Sugar-free citrus lozenges
|
| |
• Hyoscine scopoderm
|
• Nebulisation
|
| |
• Glycopyrronium
|
• Steam inhalation
|
| |
• Amitriptyline
|
• Injections of botulinum toxin into parotid glands
|
| | |
• Irradiation of the salivary glands
|
|
Persistent saliva and bronchial secretions
|
• Carbocisteine
|
• Home suction device
|
| |
• Propranolol
|
• Assisted cough insufflator-exsufflator
|
| |
• Metoprolol
|
• Rehydration (jelly or ice)
|
| | |
• Pineapple or papaya juice
|
| | |
• Reduced intake of diary products, alcohol, and caffeine
|
|
Excessive or violent yawning
|
Baclofen
| |
|
Laryngospasm
|
Lorazepam
|
Reassurance
|
|
Pain
|
• Simple analgesics
|
Comfort (seating, sleeping, day and night care)
|
| |
• Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
| |
| |
• Opioids
| |
|
Emotional lability
|
• Tricyclic antidepressant
| |
| |
• Selective serotonin-reuptake inhibitors
| |
| |
• Levodopa
| |
| |
• Dextrometorphan and quinidine
| |
|
Communication difficulties
| |
• Speaking techniques
|
| | |
• Low-tech augmentative and alternative communication tools
|
| | |
• Voice amplifiers
|
| | |
• Light writers
|
| | |
• Scanning systems operated by switches
|
| | |
• Brain-computer interfaces
|
|
Constipation
|
• Lactulose
|
• Hydration
|
| |
• Senna
|
• Increased fibre intake
|
|
Depression
|
• Amitriptyline
|
• Psychological support, counselling
|
| |
• Citalopram
| |
|
Insomnia
|
• Amitriptyline
|
Comfort, analgesia
|
| |
• Zolpidem
| |
|
Anxiety
|
Lorazepam
|
Psychological support, counselling
|
|
Fatigue
|
Modafinil
| |
