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Epidemiology of Familial Amyloid Polyneuropathy in Bulgaria
Orphanet Journal of Rare Diseases volume 10, Article number: O2 (2015)
Background
TTR FAP was diagnosed in 2008 for first time in Bulgaria. Molecular analysis is available since 2010.
Methods
Four mutations have been found in the country so far: Glu89Gln, Ser77Phe, Val30Met, Ser52Pro. Glu89Gln is the most frequent mutation affecting 48 different families. Selective genetic screening program is performed in the affected families. A total of 261 individuals belonging to affected families were examined. All individuals who took part in the screening program signed an informed consent for a voluntarily participation in the program. TTR-FAP mutations were found in 130 individuals: Glu89Gln – 107; Val30Met – 15; Ser77Phe – 5; Ser52Pro – 2; compound heterozygous carrier of two mutations: Glu89Gln and Val30Met – 1.
Results
Most of the FAP families with Glu89Gln mutation are concentrated in two districts of the South-West part of the country on the boundary with Macedonia. We accept this mutation as typical for the Balkan – Mediterranean region with possible founder effect connecting patients with Glu89Gln from neighbouring countries. Ser77Ple is presented in 5 families originating from only one village. In a historical view we do not exclude inserting of this mutation in our population century ago. Val30Met is relatively rare till now in Bulgaria. Most of the patients originate from small focus placed in the south-east part near the border with Greece.
Conclusion
Every one of the mutations presents with specific clinical phenotype as: average age of onset, disease course / survival, male / female distribution, first symptoms – polyneuropathy, cardiac, gastro-intestinal or other involvement, sporadic or familial. The clinical phenotype and the place of origin are helpful for preliminary information for the expected mutation.
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This article is published under license to BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.
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Sarafov, S., Gospodinova, M., Velina, V.G. et al. Epidemiology of Familial Amyloid Polyneuropathy in Bulgaria. Orphanet J Rare Dis 10 (Suppl 1), O2 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1186/1750-1172-10-S1-O2
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/1750-1172-10-S1-O2