Table 2 Summary of GT cases with endometriosis
Authors | Year | Type of study | Age | Chief complaint | Medical history | Imaging | Treatment | Surgical findings | Preoperative management | Outcome | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Alatas et al. [16] | 2009 | Case report (two sisters) | 28 yrs | Primary infertility | - GT was diagnosed at the age of 3 - Frequent blood transfusion, mainly due to epistaxis - wedge resection for polycystic ovary syndrome -cystectomy for a presumed left ovarian chocolate cyst 2005 | Transvaginal ultrasonography demonstrated a 3.5 cm cystic lesion suggestive of endometrioma | Surgical exploration- laparoscopy- cystectomy | - Diffuse adhesions - superficial endometriotic lesions over the left ovarian fossa - a right ovarian cyst | - Four units of apheresis platelet concentrate - one unit of whole blood | Discharged after 3 days | |
24 yrs | Pelvic mass discovered following abdominal pain and distension for 2 years and | - GT was diagnosed at the age of 11 following by gastrointestinal tract bleeding - History of Hepatitis C | MRI showed a huge, septated, cystic mass (extending from the pelvic floor to the upper abdomen) | Surgical exploration- laparotomy- cystectomy and partial omentectomy | - A cystic mass of about 20*15 cm, firmly attached to the adjacent tissues - Focal necrotic areas in Omentum surrounding the mass - the mass composed of two separate cysts bilaterally originating from ovaries | Not mentioned | Discharged after 5 days | ||||
Imperiale et al. [11] | 2015 | Letter to the editor (three sister, of whom two were twins) | 28 yrs | Dysmenorrhea, deep dyspareunia and severe menometrorrhagia | - GT was diagnosed after severe epistaxis a few days after birth | Transvaginal pelvic ultrasounds demonstrated a 70-mm hypoechoic and corpuscular cystic mass suggestive of endometrioma and a suspected intrauterine polyp of 20 mm (left adnexal) | After 11 months of medical follow-up to avoid surgery, transvaginal ultrasound (TVUS) revealed a new endometriotic cyst of 34 × 34 mm in left ovary | Surgical exploration- laparoscopy -hysteroscopic polyp removal | - | - 3 months of gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogs (GnRH-a) (triptorelin acetate 3.75 mg, intramuscular once a month) prior to surgery - rFVIIa (~ 90 mcg/kg) before and after surgery - Tranexamic acid 500 mg during the perioperative period | Postoperative TVUS showed the presence of a hematometra of 11.7 mm which was resolved and after 30 days patient was discharged |
40 yrs | Severe menorrhagia, mild dysmenorrhea and deep dyspareuni | - GT - severe heavy menstruation after the menarche | Abdominal and vaginal ultrasonographywas consistant with physical examination that endometriotic nodule of about 50 mm in diameter in the rectovaginal septum was recognized | Medical treatment and follow-up | - | - | Follow-ups were satisfying | ||||
28 yrs | Heavy menstrual bleeding | - GT | Transvaginal ultrasonography showed a 35 mm cystic lesion with mixed echogenicity in the right ovary, not vascularized at Doppler | Medical treatment and follow-up | - | - | Follow-ups were satisfying | ||||
Pillai et al. [23] | 2019 | Case report | 35 yrs | Infertility | - GT was diagnosed since childhood following episodes of epistaxis and heavy menstrual bleeding | Pelvic MRI demonstrated a 6,4 cm left-ovarian cyst, suggestive of endometrioma | Surgical exploration- laparotomy- ovarian cystectomy- intraperitoneal-drain | - rFVIIa 90 lg/kg intra- venously - One unit of packed red cells - Three units of platelet transfu- Sion -Tranexamic acid every 1 g 6 h | Discharged after 6 days | ||