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Table 3 EQ-5D-3L Utility and Disutility: general population, caregivers and caregivers by ambulatory status

From: A survey exploring caregiver burden and health-related quality of life in hereditary transthyretin amyloidosis

EQ-5D-3L utilities

Caregivers versus general population

N

Mean

SD

 

Total sample

General population

36

0.849

0.218

 

Caregivers

36

0.772

0.178

Excluding patient-caregivera

 

General population

35

0.871

0.122

 

Caregivers

35

0.778

0.219

Caregivers by ambulatory status

N

Mean

SD

 

Requires no assistance walking

12

0.819

0.126

 

Requires assistance with walking

21

0.754

0.266

Requires wheelchair

2

0.787

0.087

Bedriddenb

1

0.585

Estimated EQ-5D-3L disutilitiesC by ambulatory status

Predictors in regression model

Without covariates

With covariates

Coefficient (disutility)

SE

Coefficient (disutility)

SE

Total sample

General population

Ref

 

Ref

 

Requires no assistance walking

 − 0.031

0.067

 − 0.036

0.066

Requires assistance with walking

 − 0.096

0.055

 − 0.101

0.055

Requires wheelchair/bedridden

 − 0.130

0.121

 − 0.110

0.121

Age

 − 0.003

0.002

Gender

 − 0.059

0.061

Not employed vs. employed (ref.)

 − 0.053

0.053

Excluding patient-caregivera

General population

Ref

 

Ref

 

Requires no assistance walking

 − 0.053

0.060

 − 0.036

0.066

Requires assistance with walking

 − 0.118*

0.049

 − 0.101

0.055

Requires wheelchair/bedridden

 − 0.085

0.130

 − 0.110

0.121

Age

 − 0.003

0.002

Gender

 − 0.059

0.061

Not employed vs. employed (ref.)

 − 0.053

0.053

  1. aSample excluding patient-caregiver (n=1) and corresponding matched control (n=1).
  2. bThe caregiver utility value for the bedridden patient is that of the patient-caregiver (n=1).
  3. cEstimated using Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) regression
  4. *p<0.05