From: Electrocardiographic features of children with Duchenne muscular dystrophy
Year | Inclusion criteria | Exclusion criteria | Study type | Sample | Total ECG | Age | LV ECG changes | Abnormal Q wave | Low amplitude of RV5 + SV1 | ST-T segment changes | Short PR interval | Prolonged QT interval | Conduction block | Sinus tachycardia | Others |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2008 | DMD < 18 | Steroids, ACEI used before ECG | Retrospective | 69 | 136 | 4–9 | None | 54.50% | 3.00% | None | 33.3% | Exist | None | 17.9% | Total abnornal ECG 91.3% (63/69) |
 |  |  |  |  |  | 10–13 |  | 46.20% | 23.10% |  |  |  |  |  |  |
 |  |  |  |  |  | 14–18 |  | 85.70% | 50.00% |  |  |  |  |  |  |
2009 | EF < 55% | – | Retrospective | 115 | 115 | 3.6–27.8 | None | 10–34% | None | 33.0% | 43.0% | None | None | None | – |
2010 | DMD (2004–2009) | – | Retrospective | 150 | 377 | 10.1–16.9 | None | 10% | None | 33.0% | None | 1.0% | 10% | None | – |
2011 | DMD < 6 | Not treated with hormones | Retrospective | 78 | 78 | 0.2–5.7 | None | 57.0% | None | 3.0% | 4.0% | 4.0% | None | 4.0% | 19% (increased R/S ratio at V6) |
2017 | DMD > 20 | – | Retrospective | 47 | 386 | 27.7 ± 6.0 | None | None | None | None | None | None | 5 CRBBB; 2 CLBBB, 5 indoor block; 1 cAVB | None | – |
2018 | DMD > 18 | – | Retrospective | 121 | 121 | 18–41 | None | None | None | None | None | None | 34% with RBBB; 13% with LBBB | None | 6% with SVT; 2% with VT |
2018 | DMD (2011–2016) | Cardio dysfunction | Retrospective | 246 | 270 | 0–3 | 7.89% | 1.61% | None | None | None | None | None | None | 11.8%(9/76) |
 |  |  |  |  |  | 4–6 | 10.53% | 1.61% |  |  |  |  |  |  | 18.4%(14/76) |
 |  |  |  |  |  | 7–9 | 19.77% | 8.10% |  |  |  |  |  |  | 26.7%(23/86) |
 |  |  |  |  |  |  ≥ 10 | 7.89% | 1.61% |  |  |  |  |  |  | 50.0%(16/32) |