Table 1 Study characteristics
References | Country | Patient number†| Patient age, mean (range; median) | Female: male ratio | CMN location | CMN size and inclusion criteria | Follow-up time mean (range; median) | Level of evidence‡ |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ruiz-Maldonado et al. [17] | Mexico | 13 | 11 yr 7 mo (0.6–32 yr) | 8:5 | Whole body | 'Giant' CMN involving the head and neck in reportedly asymptomatic patients | Unreported | 4 |
Bittencourt et al. [23] | U.S.A | 160 | 6 yr 6 mo (1–63 yr; 1.2 yr) | 89:71 | Whole body |  ≥ 20 cm or ≥ 20 cm PAS | 66.2 mo SD 64.1 (1–238 mo; 42 mo) | 3 |
Foster et al. [9] | U.S.A | 46 | 5 mo (4 days–8 yr) | 22:27 | Head, neck, trunk |  ≥ 9 cm (scalp) or ≥ 6 cm (body) CMN involving the head, neck and dorsal spine | 5 yr (2–8 yr) (of 44pt) | 3 |
Bett et al. [48] | U.S.A | 1072 | 6 yr 11 mo (1–23 yr) | 22:23 | Head, neck, trunk (information of extremities CMN available) |  ≥ 9 cm (scalp), ≥ 6 cm (body) or nevus covering a substantial part of a small body area (face, hand, foot), multiple small/medium | 5.6 yr | 3 |
Chan et al. [25] | Singapore | 39 | 18 yr 11 mo (1.9–60 yr) | 16:23 | Whole body |  > 10 cm | 16.9 yr (12 mo–38 yr; 15.4 yr) | 3 |
Lovett et al. [20] | Canada | 54 | 1 yr 4 mo (0–14 yr) | 29:25 | Whole body |  ≥ 9 cm (scalp) or ≥ 6 cm (body) in infants, ≥ 20 cm PAS or at least 3 medium-sized (1.5–19.9 cm diameter) CMN of the head | 89 mo (82.5 mo) | 3 |
Ramaswamy et al. [19] | U.S.A | 14 | (1–6 yr; 2.6 yr) (of 8 survivors) | 3:11 | Unreported | High risk patients, according criteria of Kadonaga and Frieden, ≥ 20 cm PAS or multiple small/medium | Unreported | 4 |
Bekiesińska-Figatowska et al. [47] | Poland | 24 | (12 days–7 yr) | 4:3 | Whole body |  ≥ 9 cm (scalp) or ≥ 6 cm (body), ≥ PAS | (15–62 mo) | 4 |
Price et al. [55] | U.S.A | 45 | Unreported | 28:17 | Whole body |  > 10 cm PAS and multiple CMN > 1, 5 cm PAS, Krengel classifications | No follow up | 4 |
Waelchli et al. [7] | U.K | 636 | 1 yr 6 mo (0.6 yr) | 1:2 | Whole body | Before 2008: > 2 cm/1% BSA (overlying spine or brain) after 2008: > 1 CMN (regardless the size) | 11.0 yr (8.5 yr) | 3 |
Viana et al. [56] | Brazil | 57 | 8 yr 4 mo (2 yr 5 mo) | 28:29 | Whole body |  ≥ 20 cm or ≥ 20 cm PAS | 5.5 yr ± 3.8 SD, (5.2 yr) | 3 |
Wramp et al. [24] | Germany | 83 | 11 yr 4 mo | 41:42 | Whole body |  > 15–20 cm PAS, Krengel classification | 4.6 yr | 3 |
Jakchairoongruang et al. [18] | U.S.A | 80 | 1 yr 10 mo (1 day–22 yr; 6 mo) | Unreported | Unreported | 'Large' CMN | (1 mo–11 yr) (of 9pt with brain melanocytosis) | 3 |
Qian et al. [21] | China | 13 | 36 yr 6 mo (18–59 yr) | 4:9 | Whole body | CMN > 20 cm and/or multiple (3 or more) small/medium CMN (neurocutaneous melanocytosis according Kadonaga and Frieden, included 3 patients without cutaneous CMN) | 3 yr | 4 |