Table 1 Baseline clinical and radiological findings of NF1 patients younger than 3Â years old
|  | 0–1 year (N = 8) | 1–2 years (N = 45) | 2–3 years (N = 17) | p value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Gender | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Male | 3/8 (37.5%) | 15/45 (33.3%) | 11/17 (64.7%) | 0.087 |
Inheritance | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Familial | 0 (0.0%) | 7/45(15.6%) | 7/17 (41.2%) | 0.011 |
 Sporadic | 6/8 (75.0%) | 37/45 (82.2%) | 10/17 (58.8%) |  |
 Unknown | 2/8 (25.0%) | 1/45 (2.2%) | 0/17 (0.0%) |  |
Clinical findings | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Café-au lait macules | 8/8 (100%) | 45/45 (100%) | 17/17 (100%) | – |
 Axillary freckling | 2/5 (40.0%) | 14/42 (33.3%) | 12/15 (80.0%) | 0.005 |
 Cutaneous neurofibromas | 1/5 (20.0%) | 4/23 (17.4%) | 2/12 (16.7%) | 1.000 |
 Relative macrocephaly | 2/8 (25.0%) | 22/42 (52.4%) | 13/17 (76.5%) | 0.052 |
 Lisch nodules | 0/2 (0.0%) | 3/10 (30.0%) | 5/13 (38.5%) | 0.205 |
 Short stature | 0/8 (0.0%) | 1/45 (2.2%) | 1/17 (5.9%) | 0.590 |
 Developmental delay | 0/4 (0.0%) | 2/26 (7.7%) | 2/12 (16.7%) | 0.721 |
 Seizure | 1/3 (33.3%) | 1/26 (3.8%) | 0/9 (0.0%) | 0.205 |
 Cardiac anomaly | 1/2 (50.0%) | 1/8 (12.5%) | – | 0.378 |
 Hearing defect | – | 0/12 (0.0%) | 0/6 (0.0%) | – |
Radiologic findings | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 FASI | 6/8 (75.0%) | 26/45 (57.8%) | 15/17 (88.2%) | 0.056 |
 Optic pathway glioma | 0/8 (0.0%) | 4/45 (8.9%) | 7/17 (41.2%) | 0.006 |
 Moyamoya disease | 0/8 (0.0%) | 1/45 (2.2%) | 0/17 (0.0%) | 1.000 |
 Aneurysm | 0/8(0.0%) | 0/45 (0.0%) | 0/17 (0.0%) | – |
 Sphenoid wing dysplasia | 0/8 (0.0%) | 3/45 (6.7%) | 2/17 (11.8%) | 0.791 |
 Superficial neurofibromas | 0/8 (0.0%) | 2/45 (4.4%) | 0/17 (0.0%) | 1.000 |
 Deep localized neurofibromas | 0/8 (0.0%) | 2/45 (4.4%) | 2/17 (11.8%) | 0.574 |
 Plexiform neurofibromas | 1/8 (12.5%) | 3/45 (6.7%) | 4/17 (23.5%) | 0.171 |
 Scoliosis | 0/8 (0.0%) | 0/45 (0.0%) | 1/17 (5.9%) | 0.357 |
 Spinal dysplasia | 0/8 (0.0%) | 0/45 (0.0%) | 0/17 (0.0%) | – |
 Spinal dural ectasia | 0/8 (0.0%) | 6/45 (13.3%) | 3/17 (24.3%) | 0.572 |
 Long bond dysplasia | 0/8 (0.0%) | 4/45 (8.9%) | 2/17 (11.8%) | 0.842 |
 MPNST | 0/8 (0.0%) | 0/45 (0.0%) | 0/17 (0.0%) | – |
NF1+ | 2/8 (25.0%) | 13/45 (28.9%) | 12/17 (70.6%) | 0.008 |