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Table 1 Comparison of the four FDA expedited programmes

From: Postmarketing safety of orphan drugs: a longitudinal analysis of the US Food and Drug Administration database between 1999 and 2018

Expedited programme

Type

Effect

Priority review

Designation

Reduces time of application review process from 10 to 6 months of priority regulatory review

Breakthrough therapy

Designation

Expedites review of drugs that may show substantial improvement for patients with serious diseases over existing drugs

Fast track

Designation

Expedites drug development and review to treat serious conditions and fill unmet medical need

Accelerated approval

Approval pathway

Permits use of surrogate or intermediate clinical endpoint for filling an unmet medical need for serious conditions