Table 1 Characteristics of country-year samples for regression on annual SSc publications and country-level factors
2000–2017 dataset (No. country-years = 1442) | 1969–2018 dataset (No. country-years = 7649) | |
|---|---|---|
Total countries, n | 132 | 167 |
Annual SSc publications, mean (SD) | 6.22 (18.24) | 2.33 (8.06) |
Population in million, mean (SD) | 48.13 (158.54) | 32.72 (118.49) |
Female percentage of population, mean (SD) | 49.96 (3.71) | 50.14 (2.58) |
GDP in billion 2011US$, mean (SD) | 627.72 (1814.24) | 314.69 (1032.69) |
GDP in billion 2011US$, mean (SD) | 627.72 (1814.24) | 314.69 (1032.69) |
Voice and accountability, mean (SD) | 0.02 (0.97) | NA |
Government effectiveness, mean (SD) | 0.16 (0.94) | NA |
Political stability and absence of violence/terrorism, mean (SD) | − 0.06 (0.90) | NA |
Research and development expenditure in percentage of total GDP, mean (SD) | 0.75 (0.87) | NA |
Health expenditure in percentage of total GDP, mean (SD) | 6.29 (2.28) | NA |
Income groups | ||
High income, n (%) | 49 (37.1%) | 52 (31.1%) |
Middle income, n (%) | 68 (51.5%) | 89 (53.3%) |
Low income, n (%) | 15 (11.4%) | 26 (15.6%) |
Rare disease legislation | 45 (34.1%) | 45 (26.9%) |
Legislation before 1998, n (HICs/MICs/LICs) | 2 (2/0/0) | 2 (2/0/0) |
Legislation during 1998–2007, n (HICs/MICs/LICs) | 32 (28/4/0) | 32 (28/4/0) |
Legislation during 2008–2017, n (HICs/MICs/LICs) | 11 (1/10/0) | 11 (1/10/0) |