Table 1 Clinical characteristics of surgical pleural covering of entire lung (total pleural covering and modified total pleural covering) in patients with LAM perioperatively per the presence of postoperative recurrence

Age, year^a

37.0 (35.0–40.7)

37.0 (35.0–41.0)

39.5 (35.7–40.7)

0.72

Female, sex

24 (100)

20 (100)

4 (100)

–

Body mass index^a

20.1 (18.6–21.1)

20.3 (18.8–21.2)

17.4 (15.5–19.7)

0.14

Comorbidities^a

 TSC

1 (4.1)

0 (0)

1 (25)

0.16

 AML

10 (41.6)

8 (40)

2 (50)

1.0

Serum albumin^a, g/dL

4.2 (4.0–4.5)

4.2 (4.0–4.5)

4.2 (4.0–4.4)

1.0

Serum VEGF-D^a, pg/mL

938.1 (715.4–1324.8)

892.7 (662.6–1091.2)

3260.5(1416.7–3718.1)

0.02

%LAV^a, %

11.4 (4.4–20.0)

11.1 (4.2–20.0)

12.5 (9.8–16.4)

0.56

Pneumothorax episode^a, times

2 (1–2.2)

2.0 (1–2.2)

1.5 (1–3.2)

0.96

History of surgical procedure^a

8 (33.3)

7(35)

1(25)

1.0

History of pleurodesis^a

5 (20.8)

4(20)

1(25)

1.0

Oxygen therapy

 Before SPC

1 (4.1)

1 (5)

0

1.0

 After SPC

4 (16.7)

3 (15)

1 (25)

0.54

Bronchodilator treatment^a

3 (12.5)

2 (10)

1 (25)

0.43

Sirolimus treatment^b

16 (66.6)

16 (80)

0(0)

0.006

Approach

 VATS

20 (83.3)

17 (85)

3 (75)

0.54

 Thoracotomy

4 (16.7)

3 (15)

1 (25)

Postoperative complication

 PAL (≥ 5 days)

9 (37.5)

7 (35)

2 (50)

0.61

Death

1 (4.1)

0

1 (25)

0.16