Fig. 5From: Clinical course of neurogenic bladder dysfunction in human T-cell leukemia virus type-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis: a nationwide registry study in JapanImprovement in HAM-BDSS by urinary catheterization. Mean (SD) HAM-BDSS for years before and after initiating urinary catheterization (n = 27). Changes in HAM-BDSS were evaluated using paired t-test. HAM-BDSS, HAM/TSP-bladder dysfunction symptom scoreBack to article page