From: Endophenotypical drift in Huntington’s disease: a 5-year follow-up study
Premanifest HD gene-expansion carriers | Motor manifest HD gene-expansion carriers | Level of significance p values | |
---|---|---|---|
N = 30 | N = 44 | ||
SCL-90-R | |||
Global severity Index | 42.5 (9.7) | 49.4 (11.0) | 0.0083* |
Positive symptoms total | 42.8 (9.2) | 48.3 (10.2) | 0.0232* |
Positive Symptoms Distress Index | 44.1 (12,6) | 52.4 (14.8) | 0.0165* |
Somatization | 46.2 (9.2) | 48.9 (9.9) | 0.2385 |
Obsessive–compulsive | 42.3 (10.3) | 51.1 (10.6) | 0.0009* |
Interpersonal sensitivity | 43.0 (9.9) | 46.9 (10.7) | 0.1218 |
Depression | 42.7 (9.1) | 50.3 (10.6) | 0.0024* |
Anxiety | 43.7 (9.3) | 49.2 (10.3) | 0.0252* |
Anger-hostility | 46.9 (10.3) | 49.2 (11.8) | 0.3918 |
Phobic anxiety | 45.6 (6.4) | 51.6 (11.5) | 0.0075* |
Paranoid ideation | 43.7 (8.3) | 46.7 (10.1) | 0.1945 |
Psychoticism | 44.9 (7.5) | 49.2 (11.1) | 0.0525 |
Hamilton-17 | 2.0 (1.8) | 3.2 (3.5) | 0.07 |
N = 30 | N = 41 | ||
---|---|---|---|
Trail a (s) | 20.0 (6.7) | 53.4 (31.5) | < 0.0001* |
Trail b (s) | 45.7 (15.5) | 140.6 (102.3) | < 0.0001* |
SDMT (number of correct) | 53.1 (10.3) | 29.9 (14.5) | < 0.0001* |
Stroop interference (sec) | 109.3 (24.9) | 181.5 (96.4) | 0.0003* |
Category verbal fluency | 24.2 (4.3) | 16.6 (6.8) | < 0.0001* |
Lexical fluency, s-words | 17.4 (4.7) | 10.2 (6.2) | < 0.0001* |
Lexical fluency, a-words | 11.3 (4.2) | 7.4 (3.9) | 0.0004* |
Reys complex figure test, recall | 24.6 (7.1) | 18.1 (5.8) | 0.0003* |
Reys complex figure test, copy | 35.3 (1.1) | 32.4 (4.5) | 0.001* |
Block design (number correct) | 11.9 (0.4) | 11.1 (1.9) | 0.03* |
Raven’s advanced progressive matrices | 10.0 (2.0) | 6.7 (2.1) | < 0.0001* |
Selective reminding test, immediate recall (no of errors) | 8.4 (5.5) | 31.1 (18.9) | < 0.0001* |
Selective reminding test, delayed recall | 8.4 (1.1) | 6.1 (2.2) | < 0.0001* |