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Table 3 Neuropsychiatric symptoms and neuropsychological test performance in the premanifest and the motor manifest gene-expansion carriers

From: Endophenotypical drift in Huntington’s disease: a 5-year follow-up study

 

Premanifest HD gene-expansion carriers

Motor manifest HD gene-expansion carriers

Level of significance

p values

N = 30

N = 44

SCL-90-R

Global severity Index

42.5 (9.7)

49.4 (11.0)

0.0083*

Positive symptoms total

42.8 (9.2)

48.3 (10.2)

0.0232*

Positive Symptoms Distress Index

44.1 (12,6)

52.4 (14.8)

0.0165*

Somatization

46.2 (9.2)

48.9 (9.9)

0.2385

Obsessive–compulsive

42.3 (10.3)

51.1 (10.6)

0.0009*

Interpersonal sensitivity

43.0 (9.9)

46.9 (10.7)

0.1218

Depression

42.7 (9.1)

50.3 (10.6)

0.0024*

Anxiety

43.7 (9.3)

49.2 (10.3)

0.0252*

Anger-hostility

46.9 (10.3)

49.2 (11.8)

0.3918

Phobic anxiety

45.6 (6.4)

51.6 (11.5)

0.0075*

Paranoid ideation

43.7 (8.3)

46.7 (10.1)

0.1945

Psychoticism

44.9 (7.5)

49.2 (11.1)

0.0525

Hamilton-17

2.0 (1.8)

3.2 (3.5)

0.07

 

N = 30

N = 41

 

Trail a (s)

20.0 (6.7)

53.4 (31.5)

< 0.0001*

Trail b (s)

45.7 (15.5)

140.6 (102.3)

< 0.0001*

SDMT (number of correct)

53.1 (10.3)

29.9 (14.5)

< 0.0001*

Stroop interference (sec)

109.3 (24.9)

181.5 (96.4)

0.0003*

Category verbal fluency

24.2 (4.3)

16.6 (6.8)

< 0.0001*

Lexical fluency, s-words

17.4 (4.7)

10.2 (6.2)

< 0.0001*

Lexical fluency, a-words

11.3 (4.2)

7.4 (3.9)

0.0004*

Reys complex figure test, recall

24.6 (7.1)

18.1 (5.8)

0.0003*

Reys complex figure test, copy

35.3 (1.1)

32.4 (4.5)

0.001*

Block design (number correct)

11.9 (0.4)

11.1 (1.9)

0.03*

Raven’s advanced progressive matrices

10.0 (2.0)

6.7 (2.1)

< 0.0001*

Selective reminding test, immediate recall (no of errors)

8.4 (5.5)

31.1 (18.9)

< 0.0001*

Selective reminding test, delayed recall

8.4 (1.1)

6.1 (2.2)

< 0.0001*

  1. HD Huntington’s disease, SCL-90-R Symptom Checklist-90-Revised, SDMT Symbol Digit Modality test; Data shown as median (SD); p values were calculated by independent sample t-test; After Bonferroni correction only obsessive–compulsive and depression remained significant