Table 1 Clinical characteristics and TG, AG, UAG and AG/UAG of PWS children with and without EOS
From: Is ghrelin a biomarker of early-onset scoliosis in children with Prader–Willi syndrome?
PWS children with EOS (cases) n = 30 | PWS children without EOS (controls) n = 30 | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|
Sex—girls, n (%) | 20 (66.7) | 16 (53.3) | 0.285 |
Age—years, median (IQR) | 3.7 (2.0–5.2) | 3.9 (2.3–5.0) | – |
BMI—WHO z-score, median (IQR) | 0.0 (− 0.8–1.4) | 0.1 (− 0.9–1.4) | – |
Genetic subtype—deletion, n (%) | 12 (40.0) | 19 (63.3) | 0.090 |
Age at start GH—months, median (IQR) | 12 (9–13) | 13 (10–16) | 0.043 |
GH dose—mg/kg/d, median (IQR) | 0.0263 (0.0215–0.0334) | 0.0277 (0.0184–0.0321) | 0.614 |
IGF-1—z-score, median (IQR)a | 1.4 (0.3–2.5) | 0.7 (− 0.2–1.7) | 0.065 |
HbA1c—%, median (IQR)a | 5.4 (5.2–5.6) | 5.4 (5.2–5.8) | 0.364 |
Insulin—µUI/ml, median (IQR)a | 5.2 (2.5–8.2) | 4.9 (3.0–7.2) | 0.084 |
TG—pg/ml, median (IQR) | 314.0 (207.2–481.0) | 317.1 (231.7–618.4) | 0.797 |
AG—pg/ml, median (IQR) | 161.3 (89.6–210.6) | 194.6 (154.2–256.8) | 0.079 |
UAG—pg/ml, median (IQR) | 152.3 (81.7–263.5) | 120.1 (71.2–219.2) | 0.382 |
AG/UAG, median (IQR) | 0.783 (0.559–1.993) | 1.589 (1.166–2.433) | 0.005 |
Age at EOS diagnosis—years, median (IQR) | 3.4 (1.8–5.2) | ||
Cobb angle at diagnosis—degrees, median (IQR)b | 20 (12–27) | ||