Table 1 Complications associated with PIK3CA-related disorders [1, 3, 9, 42, 50, 52]
From: A review of mechanisms of disease across PIK3CA-related disorders with vascular manifestations
| Severe functional impairment |
| Pain |
| Vascular complications |
|
Coagulopathy or changes in coagulation Chronic consumptive coagulopathy Localized intravascular coagulopathy |
| Hemorrhage |
| Thromboembolism |
| Infections |
| Neurologic complications |
| Ventriculomegaly or hydrocephalus |
| Cerebellar tonsillar ectopia |
| Brainstem compression |
| Seizures |
|
Developmental delay Hypotonia |
| Risk of malignant tumors |
| Wilms’ tumor |
| Leukemia |
| Meningiomas |
| Dermatologic, genitourinary, gastrointestinal, or endocrine/metabolism involvement |