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Table 3 Hazard ratio between SSc-related complications and comorbidities and survival (statistically significant associations are reported in bold)

From: Epidemiology of systemic sclerosis: a multi-database population-based study in Tuscany (Italy)

SSc-related complications and comorbidities

HRa

CI 95%

Acute myocardial infarction

2.14

0.93–4.89

Subarachnoid and intracerebral haemorrhage

2.26

1.32–3.87

Ischemic stroke events

1.30

0.24–3.63

Congestive heart failure

3.54

2.38–5.28

Malignant essential hypertension

3.68

0.97–14.0

Gangrene

2.30

1.27–4.14

Chronic ulcer of skin (except pressure ulcer)

1.36

0.95–1.95

PAH

2.24

1.41–3.55

Lung involvement

1.50

1.06–2.11

Pulmonary fibrosis

2.60

1.56–4.35

Pneumonia

1.59

1.00–2.53

Pulmonary embolism

1.55

0.55–4.35

Chronic kidney disease

1.30

0.58–2.88

Acute renal failure

2.74

1.62–4.63

Haemorrhage of gastrointestinal tract

2.69

0.73–9.93

Intestinal obstruction (without hernia)

3.39

2.03–5.66

Diabetes mellitus

1.31

0.84–2.04

Gout

1.35

0.94–1.95

Malignant neoplasm

1.88

1.27–2.80

  1. HR, hazard ratio; CI95%, confidence interval
  2. aHRs are adjusted for sex and age at diagnosis