From: Gender differences in hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia severity
HHT 1 (n = 80) | P value | HHT2 (n = 75) | P value | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Female (n = 49) | Male (n = 31) | Female (n = 42) | Male (n = 33) | |||
ESS | 2.82 ± 1.95 | 2.81 ± 1.95 | 0.977 | 3.67 ± 1.96 | 3.81 ± 1.80 | 0.744 |
ESS Control | 2.12 ± 1.59 | 2.15 ± 1.89 | 0.937 | 2.25 ± 1.65 | 2.76 ± 1.50 | 0.238 |
ESS ≥ 4 | 16 (32.7%) | 7 (22.6%) | 0.332 | 20 (47.6%) | 14 (42.4%) | 0.669 |
ESS ≥ 7 | 1 (2%) | 1 (3.2%) | 1.000 | 2 (4.8%) | 1 (3.1%) | 1.000 |
Simple Clinical Scoring Index | 2.97 ± 1.08 | 1.62 ± 1.04 | < 0.001 | 3.64 ± 1.25 | 1.93 ± 1.23 | < 0.001 |
Low | 20 (40.8%) | 21 (67.8%) | 0.002 | 6 (14.3%) | 21 (63.6%) | < 0.001 |
Intermediate | 29 (59.2%) | 6 (19.4%) | 0.002 | 26 (61.9%) | 10 (30.3%) | 0.003 |
High | 0 | 0 | 5 (11.9%) | 0 | 0.058 | |
HHT-score | 2.24 ± 0.99 | 2.13 ± 0.86 | 0.599 | 2.35 ± 1.05 | 1.93 ± 0.82 | 0.058 |
Mild | 30 (61.2%) | 21 (67.7%) | 0.429 | 28 (66.7%) | 25 (75.8%) | 0.391 |
Moderate | 19 (38.8%) | 9 (29%) | 0.429 | 11 (26.2%) | 8 (24.2%) | 0.847 |
Severe | 0 | 0 | 3 (7.1%) | 0 | 0.251 | |
Invasive treatment, | ||||||
Pulmonary embolization | 17 (34.7%) | 12 (38.7%) | 0.716 | 5 (11.9%) | 0 | 0.063 |
Brain embolization | 1 (2%) | 0 | 1.000 | 1 (2.4%) | 0 | 1.000 |
Liver transplantation | 0 | 0 | 1 (2.4%) | 0 | 1.000 | |
Young surgery | 0 | 0 | 1 (2.4%) | 0 | 1.000 | |
Anyone of the above | 18 (36.7%) | 12 (38.7%) | 0.859 | 7 (16.7%) | 0 | 0.016 |
Adverse outcomes, | ||||||
Hemoglobin < 8 g/dL or RBC transfusion | 8 (16.3%) | 5 (16.1%) | 1.000 | 16 (38.1%) | 11 (33.3%) | 0.452 |
ED visit | 8 (16.3%) | 11 (35.5%) | 0.050 | 12 (28.6%) | 16 (48.5%) | 0.077 |
Hospital admission | 6 (12.2%) | 8 (25.8%) | 0.120 | 8 (19%) | 3 (9.1%) | 0.328 |
Mortality | 0 | 0 | 2 (4.8%) | 1 (3%) | 1.000 | |
Anyone of the above | 17 (34.7%) | 13 (41.9%) | 0.515 | 22 (52.4%) | 16 (48.5%) | 0.738 |