From: Gender differences in hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia severity
Female (n = 142) | Male (n = 100) | P value | |
---|---|---|---|
Follow-up, months (mean ± SD) | 41.9 ± 25.8 | 40.4 ± 25.3 | 0.647 |
ESS | |||
ESS at baseline (mean ± SD) | 3.47 ± 2.19 | 3.65 ± 2.12 | 0.536 |
ESS during follow-up (mean ± SD) | 2.21 ± 1.76 | 2.52 ± 1.71 | 0.242 |
ESS ≥ 4 | 61 (42.9%) | 37 (37%) | 0.379 |
ESS ≥ 7 | 9 (6.3%) | 8 (8%) | 0.604 |
Simple Clinical Scoring Index | 3.38 ± 1.20 | 2.03 ± 1.24 | < 0.001 |
Low | 36 (25.3%) | 61 (61%) | < 0.001 |
Intermediate | 90 (63.4%) | 31 (31%) | < 0.001 |
High | 7 (4.9%) | 0 | 0.043 |
HHT-score | 2.31 ± 1.06 | 2.09 ± 0.88 | 0.083 |
Mild | 88 (62%) | 69 (69%) | 0.259 |
Moderate | 47 (33.1%) | 29 (29%) | 0.532 |
Severe | 7 (4.9%) | 1 (1%) | 0.245 |
Invasive treatment | |||
Pulmonary embolization | 34 (23.9%) | 16 (16%) | 0.126 |
Brain embolization | 2 (1.4%) | 0 | 0.470 |
Liver transplantation | 2 (1.4%) | 0 | 0.513 |
Young surgery | 3 (2.1%) | 0 | 0.270 |
Anyone of the above | 40 (28.2%) | 16 (16%) | 0.027 |
Adverse outcomes | |||
Hemoglobin < 8 g/dL or RBC transfusion | 49 (34.5%) | 33 (33%) | 0.578 |
RBC transfusion | 37 (26.1%) | 27 (27%) | 0.870 |
ED visit | 40 (28.2%) | 48 (48%) | 0.002 |
Hospital admission | 27 (19%) | 26 (26%) | 0.196 |
Mortality | 4 (2.8%) | 4 (4%) | 0.721 |
Anyone of the above | 70 (49.3%) | 53 (53%) | 0.570 |