Equivocal expression of emotions in children with Prader-Willi syndrome: what are the consequences for emotional abilities and social adjustment?

Table 6 Proportion of AUs in the fear condition (EMOmim task)

Modality	Emotion pattern	All-PWS (N = 25)	PWS-DEL (N = 11)	PWS-UPD (N = 12)	TD-CA (N = 25)	TD-DA (N = 25)	GLM analyses
Modality	Emotion pattern	All-PWS (N = 25)	PWS-DEL (N = 11)	PWS-UPD (N = 12)	TD-CA (N = 25)	TD-DA (N = 25)	Group effect (Wald Chi-Square test)	Pairwise comparisons (Wald test)
FACIAL	Joy	0.224 (0.202)	0.364 (0.134)	0.116 (0.144)	0.288 (0.142)	0.266 (0.128)	p = .030	UPD < DEL / DA / CA
	Sadness	0.114 (0.083)	0.156 (0.074)	0.071 (0.107)	0.126 (0.063)	0.113 (0.084)	ns
	Anger	0.166 (0.141)	0.260 (0.096)	0.083 (0.166)	0.234 (0.116)	0.239 (0.144)	p = .006	UPD < DEL / DA / CA
	Fear*	0.16 (0.19)	0.242 (0.133)	0.083 (0.205)	0.333 (0.16)	0.257 (0.203)	p < .001	UPD < DEL / DA / CA
BODILY	Joy	0 (0)	0 (0)	0 (0)	0.027 (0.093)	0.057 (0.127)	ns
	Sadness	0.010 (0.050)	0.023 (0.075)	0 (0)	0.020 (0.070)	0.030 (0.085)	ns
	Anger	0.069 (0.110)	0.079 (0.099)	0.071 (0.129)	0.046 (0.090)	0.077 (0.084)	ns
	Fear*	0.087 (0.098)	0.107 (0.112)	0.055 (0.082)	0.240 (0.167)	0.250 (0.177)	p < .001	UPD / DEL < DA / CA

Legend. Means (SDs) proportion of AUs from each emotional expression pattern in the children’s facial and bodily productions and summary results of GLM analyses. *Target emotion; ns not significant

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