Fig. 4

Levels of diaphragmatic weakness. Examples of a healthy control and of four Pompe patients with different levels of diaphragmatic weakness. The left-hand images show the sagittal MRI at end-expiration and end-inspiration. The grey outlines show the contours of the lungs from expiration to inspiration (bold lines). The blue point is the posterior corner of the diaphragm and the red point the anterior corner. The green points show the lung apex and diaphragm apex. The individual results of pulmonary function tests (% of predicted outcome) and MRI outcome ratios are also reported, with red numbers indicating abnormal outcomes compared to healthy controls. FVC = forced vital capacity, Δ FVC = FVC upright – FVC supine, MIP = maximum inspiration pressure, MEP = maximum expiration pressure, CC ratio = cranial-caudal ratio, AP ratio = anterior posterior ratio, CC-AP ratio = CC ratio / AP ratio, DH ratio = diaphragm height ratio, DA ratio = diaphragm area ratio