Table 2 Severe complications occurring during pregnancy or post-partum in women with HHT and published as case report (n = 31)

Haemothorax

Texier et al. 2018

T + S/HHT–

26

Chest pain

40

Good

Live infant

Md Noh et al. 2018

E/HHT–

20

Dyspnea

20

Small bowel active hemorrhage

Foetal death

Raiya et al. 2017

D + E/HHT–

23

Dyspnea, chest pain

40

Good

Live infant

Jakobi et al. 2001

S/HHT+

26

Severe hypoxemia

40

Hypoxemia PP embolisation

SGA infant

Adegboyega et al. 1996

D/HHT–

29

Dyspnea Chest pain

40

Discharged no sequelae

Live infant (CS)

Freixinet et al. 1995

D + S/HHT?

27

Dyspnea

?

Severe mitral regurgitation

Live infant

Bevelaqua et al. 1992

D + E/HHT–

26

Dyspnea Chest pain

40

Diagnosed 6 wk

Live infant

Laroche et al. 1992

D + S / HHT +

29

Dyspnea Chest pain

37

Post embolotherapy

Live infant

Gammon et al. 1990

D + E / HHT -

24

Dyspnea Chest pain

30

Heart failure resolved

Live infant

Waring et al. 1990

D + E/HHT +

26

Dyspnea

32

Heart failure resolved

Live infant

Hemoptysis

Banerjee et al. 2018

34

Hemoptysis

–

Good

–

Tandon et al. 2017

reE of PAVM/HHT+

32

Unconscious and hypoxia

37

Good

Live infant (VD)

Yaniv-Salem et al. 2017

reE of PAVM/HHT+

35

Massive hemoptysis

37

Good

Live infant (VD)

Wispelaere et al. 1996

−/HHT+

10

Hemoptysis, transient loss of consciousness and tachycardia

Therapeutic abortion

Well, required resection of PAVM

–

Severe Hypoxemia

Worda et al. 2007

−/HHT+

12

Dyspnea, cyanosis

32

Clinically improved

Live infant (CS)

Jakobi et al. 2001

−/HHT+

25

Hypoxemia IUGR

25

–

Foetal death

Swinburne et al. 1986

−/HHT+

35

Dyspnea, cyanosis

35

Post partum PAVM surgery

Active limited live

Live infant (CS)

Cerebral Ischemic stroke

Swietlik et al. 2008

Craniotom/HHT+

35

Headache and dyspnea

Brain abscess + PAVM

35

Post partum Hemothorax requiring

re Embolisation

Live infant (CS)

Intracranial hemorrhage

Gillard et al. 1996

CAVM surgery/HHT–

21

Right hemiplegia, aphasia

38.5

Post partum epilepsy, Right hemiparesis

Live infant (CS)

Neau et al. 1988

Brain surgery/HHT–

30

Right hemiplegia with aphasia violent headache and vomiting

30

Fatal (multiple CAVM, 5 hematomas)

Foetal death (VD)

Pulmonary edema

Euser et al. 2012

HHT+

33

Pre-eclampsia, extensive edema in her legs and face

34

Good

Live infant (CS)

High output heart failure all related to liver AVM

Berthelot et al. 2015

Diuretics/HHT–

25

Dyspnea

33

At day 16 post partum complete regression of congestive signs

Live infant (CS)

Lai et al. 2010

?/HHT+

36

Rest Dyspnea

36

Good

Live infant (CS)

Goussous et al. 2009

?/HHT-

29

Right sided heart failure and preterm labor

On post partum day 2: dyspnea and lower extremity edema

? (CS)

Livneh et al. 1988

Diuretics/HHT+

26

Weakness, dyspnea

35 (?)

At 4 months Post partum Good

Live infant

Livneh et al. 1988

Diuretics/HHT–

26

Dyspnea

40

At 4 months Post partum no more heart failure

Live infant

Hepatobiliary

necrosis

McInroy et al. 1998

Post partum Liver transplantation HHT+

30

Abdominal pain + fever

30

Biliary necrosis, liver transplant postpartum

Live infant

Bauer et al. 1995

Liver transplant HHT–

–

Abdominal pain dyspnea, Melaena

–

Liver transplant

–

Gastrointestinal bleeding

Hillert et al. 2001

Liver transplantation/HHT+

27

Diffuse abdominal pain

cholangitis

29

Good

Live infant (CS)

Branch retinal artery occlusion

Askim et al. 2017

Subcutaneous Heparin +

PAVM embolization/HHT–

12

Sudden painless scotoma in left eye

40

Good

Live infant (VD)

Massive intraperitoneal haemorrhage

Sivarani et al. 2010

HHT+

36

High-output cardiac failure

36

Fatal (on post-partum: massive haemorrhage in the intra-peritoneal cavity with multiple AVMs in the gastrointestinal tract)

Live infant (CS)