Table 1 Sample characteristics of the participating families
From: Quality of life of children with achondroplasia and their parents - a German cross-sectional study
Child age (years) (n = 73) | Mean/Median | 9.75/9.59 |
|---|---|---|
SD/SE | 3.02/.35 | |
Child gender (n = 73) | Male | 37 (50.7%) |
Female | 36 (49.3%) | |
SDS of height (n = 72) | Mean / Median | −5.25 / -5.24 |
SD / SE | 1.26 / .15 | |
Body mass index (z-scores) (n = 71) | Mean / Median | 1.36 / 1.41 |
SD / SE | .83 / .10 | |
Proportionality ratio (n = 68) | Mean / Median | 1.82 / 1.86 |
SD / SE | .30 / .04 | |
Additional complications a (n = 66–73) | Reduced foramen magnum size | 23 (31.5%) |
Hydrocephalus | 3 (4.1%) | |
Spinal canal narrow | 8 (11.1%) | |
Tibial bowing or leg bowing | 34 (51.5%) | |
Chronic middle ear infections | 45 (61.6%) | |
Tonsillectomy | 45 (61.6%) | |
Sleep apnea. | 30 (41.7%) | |
Nightly snoring | 64 (88.9%) | |
Mouthbreathing | 58 (79.5%) | |
Daily pain | 21 (28.8%) | |
Daily fatigue | 22 (30.1%) | |
Height of the children’s mothers in cm (n = 71) | Mean / Median | 178,13 / 168,00 |
SD / SE | 99,23 / 11,78 | |
Height of the children’s fathers in cm (n = 68) | Mean / Median | 188,87 / 178,00 |
SD / SE | 100,30 / 12,16 | |
Parental gender (n = 73) | Male | 17 (23.3%) |
Female | 56 (76.7%) |