Table 2 Summary of confirmed diagnoses in included cases

Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS)

2

Antisynthetase syndrome

5

yes

Behcet’s disease

5

Chronic hepatitis C

1

Chronic polyarthritis

2

CREST syndrome

1

Cryoglobulinemia

4

Cryopyrin-associated periodic syndrome (CAPS)

3

yes

Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA)

2

Fabry disease

2

Familial Mediterranean fever (FMF)

4

Felty syndrome

1

Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS)

1

Giant cell arteritis

1

Gout arthritis

2

Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA)

11

Henoch-Schonlein purpura (HSP)

3

Hypophosphatasia

2

yes

IgG4-related disease

4

yes

Kimura disease

1

yes

Mixed amyloidosis

1

Mixed connective tissue disease (MCTD)

1

Panarteritis nodosa

2

Polymyositis/dermatomyositis

2

Polymyositis/scleroderma overlap

1

yes

Primary sclerosing cholangitis

1

Relapsing polychondritis

2

Retroperitoneal fibrosis

1

yes

SAPHO syndrome

3

yes

Sarcoidosis

4

Sjogren’s syndrome

4

Small fiber neuropathy

1

yes

Spondyloarthritis

7

Stickler syndrome

1

yes

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)

5

Systemic sclerosis

1

Takayasu’s arteritis

4

Thromboangiitis obliterans

1

Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP)

1

TNF receptor associated periodic syndrome (TRAPS)

1

yes

Tubulointerstitial nephritis and uveitis syndrome (TINU)

2

yes

Whipple disease

1

Total

93

12