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Table 2 Age-stratified unadjusted relative (rate ratio) and absolute (rate difference) comparisons of rates of health services encounters in MCAD deficiency cohort versus screen negative cohort

From: Health services use among children diagnosed with medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency through newborn screening: a cohort study in Ontario, Canada

Outcome and age group

Incidence rate ratio (IRR), MCAD deficiency cohort vs. screen negative cohort (95% CI)

Incidence rate difference (IRD), MCAD deficiency cohort vs. screen negative cohort, per child per year (95% CI)

Physician encounters

  < 6 months

1.2 (1.1, 1.3)

4.2 (2.1, 6.4)

 6 to < 12 months

1.6 (1.4, 1.8)

5.8 (4.1, 7.5)

 12 to < 18 months

1.3 (1.1, 1.5)

2.9 (1.3, 4.5)

 18 to < 24 months

1.7 (1.5, 1.9)

5.0 (3.4, 6.6)

 2 to < 3 years

1.4 (1.2, 1.5)

2.0 (1.1, 2.9)

 3 to < 4 years

1.5 (1.3, 1.7)

2.4 (1.3, 3.4)

  ≥ 4 years

1.5 (1.3, 1.7)

2.5 (1.4, 3.6)

Emergency department visits

  < 6 months

1.9 (1.3, 2.7)

0.7 (0.2, 1.2)

 6 to < 12 months

3.1 (2.4, 4.1)

1.7 (1.0, 2.4)

 12 to < 18 months

2.6 (2.0, 3.5)

1.4 (0.8, 2.1)

 18 to < 24 months

2.7 (2.0, 3.7)

1.3 (0.7, 2.0)

 2 to < 3 years

2.1 (1.6, 2.9)

0.7 (0.3, 1.1)

 3 to < 4 years

2.0 (1.4, 3.0)

0.5 (0.1, 0.9)

  ≥ 4 years

1.7 (1.1, 2.6)

0.3 (−0.03, 0.7)a

Inpatient hospitalizations

  < 6 months

1.6 (0.8, 3.5)a

0.1 (− 0.1, 0.4)a

 6 to < 12 months

10.8 (6.1, 18.9)

0.5 (0.2, 0.9)

 12 to < 24 months

9.6 (6.1, 15.0)

0.4 (0.2, 0.6)

 2 to < 3 years

10.8 (6.3, 18.7)

0.3 (0.1, 0.5)

  ≥ 3 years

15.2 (9.7, 23.8)

0.4 (0.2, 0.5)

  1. aDifference not statistically significant, p > 0.05; all other rates were statistically significantly different between the two cohorts