Infection risk among adults with down syndrome: a two group series of 101 patients in a tertiary center

Table 2 Hospitalized DS patients (n = 64): comparison between DS patients with or without recurrent infections

	Infections^a (n = 31)	No Infections (n = 33)	OR /HR	Univariate p*	Multivariate p**
Age (years)	51 (19–73)	45 (18–65)	/	0.01	0.12
Sex ratio (F/M)	0.35 (8/23)	0.8 (15/18)	0.41 (0.14–1.2)	0.12	0.16
Institutional living (n, %)	21 (68)	16 (48)	2.2 (0.8–6.1)	0.12	0.89
Hypothyroidism (n, %)	14 (45)	13 (40)	1.2 (0.46–3.4)	0.8	/
Cardiac congenital disease (n, %)	5 (16)	5 (15)	1.1 (0.27–4.1)	1	0.06
Gastrointestinal malformation (n, %)	2 (6.4)	2 (6)	1.1 (0.14–8.0)	1	/
Neurological disease^b(n, %)	22 (71)	9 (27)	6.5 (2.2–19)	0.001	0.0006
Epilepsy (n, %)	16 (52)	7 (21)	3.9 (1.3–12)	0.02	/
Dementia (n, %)	13 (42)	3 (9)	7.2 (1.8–29)	0.003	/
Hematological malignancy (n, %)	0	1 (3)	0.34 (0.1–9)	1	/
Lymphocytes rate (/μL)	1340 (650–2580)	1575 (558–3710)	/	0.09	0.13
Lymphocytes < 1000/mm3 (n, %)	9 (29)	5 (15)	2.3 (0.67–7.8)	0.23	/
Immunoglobulin rate (g/L)	12 (7–23)	16 (9–18)	/	0.22	/
Mortality (n, %)	10 (32)	2 (6)	7.4 (1.4–37)	0.01	/

^aTotal number of infectious events: 106 (/138 stays); intensive care unit admission 11/106; Need of pressor amines 7/106, Acute lung injury syndrome 3/18; Pneumonia 96/106 (91%). The other reasons were seizures (n = 8), heart failure (n = 5), occlusive syndrome (n = 5), arterial cardiovascular event (n = 5), syncope (n = 4), acute renal disease (n = 2), pancreatitis, venous thrombosis, deep weight loss (n = 1 each)
^b Neurological disease was defined as epilepsy or dementia
*Difference between infections and no infections groups using Fischer’s test for categorical variables and Mann-Whitney test for quantitative variables
**Using multiple logistic regression. OR: Odd Ratio – HR: Hazard Ratio
Statistically significant results are marked in boldface

ISSN: 1750-1172