Table 4 Assessment of Biochemical Status for nutrients/metabolites

Routinely

Annual^{a, b}, biannual^b

Haemoglobin, mean corpuscular volume, and ferritin^{a, b}; micronutrients (vitamins and minerals including: calcium, zinc, and selenium (SEPP1)) or hormones (parathyroid hormone) if clinically indicated^a

Vitamin D 25-OH^b

Our recommendation: DHA^c, EPA^c, Cholesterol

Conditional^c,^b

Annual or as indicated^b

Vitamin B₁₂ (plasma methylmalonic acid, total homocysteine), erythrocyte folate, zinc, copper, essential fatty acids (linoleic acid and alpha-linolenic acid).

Every 5 years beginning with baseline at age 5^b

Bone density (DXA scan)^b

Bone mineral density (BMD)^a during late adolescence; if abnormal, the measurement should be repeated after 1 year