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Table 1 Examples of rare diseases which could make use of the augmented binary method

From: Improving the analysis of composite endpoints in rare disease trials

Disease

Example responder endpoint

Primary biliary cholongitis (PBC)

∙ ALP <1.67×ULN

 

∙ Total bilirubin < ULN

 

∙ ALP decrease ≥ 15%

Behçets disease

∙ Length of principal intestinal

 

ulcer compared to size at baseline (%)

 

∙ No new lesions

Lupus Nephritis

∙ eGFR no more than 10% below

 

preflare value or normal

 

∙ Proteinuria UPC ratio < 0.5

 

∙Urine sediment: Inactive

 

∙ No rescue therapy

Neuroblastoma

∙ < 10mm residual soft tissue at

 

primary site

 

∙ Complete resolution of MIBG of

 

FDG-PET uptake (for MIBG non avid

 

tumours) at primary site

Advanced hepatocellular carcinoma

∙ < 20% increase in the sum of the

 

longest diameters of target lesions

 

∙ No new lesions

  1. ALP alkaline phosphatase, ULN upper limits of normal, eGdFR estimated glomerular filtration rate, UPC urinary protein to creatinine, MIBG metaiodobenzylguanidine, FDG-PET 18-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography