Fig. 2From: The complete European guidelines on phenylketonuria: diagnosis and treatmentPathophysiology of PKU: Summary of potential mechanisms of neurocognitive impairment by high phenylalanine concentrations. Phe: phenylalanine; BBB, blood–brain barrier; LNAA: Large Neutral Amino Acids; LAT1, L-type amino acid carrier; BH4, tetrahydrobiopterin; HMG-CoA, 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A; Tyr, tyrosine; Trp, tryptophanBack to article page