Cardiac pathology in spinal muscular atrophy: a systematic review

Table 3 Classification of structural cardiac defects in SMA type 1 patients

Diagnostic groups		Reported occurrence
1.	Abnormalities of position and connection of heart	2x
2.	Tetralogy of Fallot and variants	1x
3.	Abnormalities of great veins	–
4.	Abnormalities of atria and atrial septum	23x
5.	Abnormalities of atrioventricular valves and atrioventricular septal defect	3x
6.	Abnormalities of ventricles and ventricular septum	17x
7.	Abnormalities of ventriculo-arterial valves and great arteries	7x
8.	Abnormalities of coronary arteries, arterial duct and pericardium	6x

Reported structural (congenital) cardiac abnormalities were classified into 8 groups, in accordance with the European Paediatric Cardiac Code (IPCCC short list) [14, 15]. Table 3 shows details on a total of 42 patients, some of whom had more than one structural cardiac abnormality

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