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Table 1 Orphan and non-orphan medicine (adapted from Spilker B)

From: A methodological framework for drug development in rare diseases

Orphan medicine

Non-orphan medicine

Used in a limited patient population

Used in a large patient population

Often used by only a few specialists

Generally used by a wide variety or number of physicians

The manufacturer often loses money

The manufacturer is more likely to make money

May require less patient exposure to obtain marketing authorization

Usually requires a standard quantity of data before marketing authorization