From: Incontinentia pigmenti: report on data from 2000 to 2013
Type of defect | Number of cases** | Percentage of cases |
---|---|---|
CNS defects | 97 | |
Seizures | 39 | 40.2 |
Mental retardation | 29 | 29.9 |
Spastic paresis | 16 | 16.5 |
Cerebral atrophy | 13 | 13.4 |
Microcephaly | 11 | 11.3 |
Hydrocephaly | 5 | 5.1 |
Ischemic strokes* | 5 | 5.1 |
White matter alterations* | 4 | 4.1 |
Arachnoid cysts* | 3 | 3.1 |
Cortico-subcortical atrophy* | 3 | 3.1 |
Brain morphological alterations* | 2 | 2.1 |
Teeth defects | 134 | |
Delayed primary dentition | 46 | 34.3 |
Cone/peg shaped teeth | 30 | 22.3 |
Delayed permanent dentition | 30 | 22.3 |
Teeth dystrophy | 23 | 17.2 |
Impactions | 23 | 17.2 |
Ophthalmologic defects | 94 | |
Vision defects | 16 | 17 |
Retinopathy | 15 | 15.9 |
Retinal detachment | 8 | 8.5 |
Microphthalmia | 6 | 6.4 |
Retinal neuropathy | 6 | 6.4 |
Retinal vascular visorders | 5 | 5.3 |
Hair defects | 82 | |
Alopecia | 8 | 9.7 |
Hypertrichosis | 3 | 3.6 |
Fingernail defects | 45 | |
Nail dystrophy | 29 | 64 |
Developmental evolution | 30 | |
Recurrent infections | 36 | 11.7 |
Syndactyly of fingers or toes | 4 | 1.3 |