Table 1 Relevant biochemical and MRS investigations at baseline and after four weeks glutamine supplementation
Parameter | Baseline | End of trial | Reference range |
|---|---|---|---|
Blood | |||
Ammonia (μmol/L) | 66 | 76 | 12-48 |
Glutamine (μmol/L) | 74 | 731 | 457–857 |
Glutamate (μmol/L) | 58 | 28 | 17-69 |
CSF | |||
Ammonia (μmol/L) | 71 | 75 | 12-48 |
Glutamine (μmol/L) | 121 | 201 | 333–658 |
Glutamate (μmol/L) | <2.5 | <2.5 | 0–5 |
Homovanillic acid (nmol/L) | 171 | 188 | 211–871 |
Creatine (μmol/L) | 84 | 56 | 17–87 |
Free GABA (μmol/L) | 0.030 | 0.037 | 0.032-0.167 |
Total GABA (μmol/L) | 8.3 | 7.47 | 3.3-12.2 |
Basal ganglia MRS | Reference values from age-matched comparison subjects (n = 3) | ||
NAA (IU) | 4.2 | 4.6 | 8.3-8.8 |
Creatine + phosphocreatine (IU) | 12.0 | 10.5 | 8.4-8.6 |
Choline (IU) | 3.6 | 2.9 | 1.7-2.0 |
Myo-inositol (IU) | 6.7 | 6.4 | 3.0-4.0 |
Glutamate (IU) | 4.6 | 4.9 | 7.3-10.3 |
Glutamine (IU) | 0 | 1.4 | 3.1-6.3 |
GABA (IU) | 3.0 | 2.6 | 2.4-3.7 |