|
Exogenous
| | |
|
"Overconcentrated" formula
|
18 (18.8)
|
14 (35.0)
|
|
Calorie content > 80 kcal/100 ml
|
63 (65.6)
|
6 (15.0)
|
|
Special LBW formula
|
52 (54.2)
|
10 (25.0)
|
|
Breast milk fortifier
|
4 (4.2)
|
5 (12.5)
|
|
Protein concentration > DRI#)
|
9 (9.4)
|
4 (10.0)
|
|
Casein predominance > 60%
|
52 (54.2)
|
8 (20.0)
|
|
Cow's milk protein
|
1 (1.0)
|
3 (7.5)
|
|
Medium chain triglycerides
|
52 (54.2)
|
11 (27.5)
|
|
Increased Ca-content of formula
|
-
|
3 (7.5)
|
|
Increased Ca/P ratio of formula
|
-
|
3 (7.5)
|
|
Silica (Gelopectose)
|
3 (3.1)
|
3 (7.5)
|
|
Alginate (Gaviscon)
|
2 (2.1)
|
1 (2.5)
|
|
Pectin-lignin-cellulose(Aroban)
|
1 (1.0)
|
2 (5.0)
|
|
Atropin (e.g. Eumydrin®)
|
2 (2.1)
|
3 (7.5)
|
|
Antacids (Sucralfate® Aluminium hydroxide etc.)
|
3 (3.1)
|
5 (12.5)
|
|
Modes of feeding - oral - gavage - bolus - continuous
|
29 (30.2)
|
7 (17.5)
|
|
Age < 14 days at start of > 80 kcal formula
|
35 (36.5)
|
6 (15.0)
|
|
Supine body position (poor gastric mixing)
|
9 (9.4)
|
3 (7.5)
|
|
Phototherapy prior to lactobezoar diagnosis
|
16 (16.7)
|
3 (7.5)
|
|
Increased sweating (due to hot weather)
|
1 (1.0)
|
2 (5.0)
|
|
Endogenous
| | |
|
Prematurity
|
54 (56.3)
|
21 (52.5)
|
|
Low birth weight (< 2500 gm)
|
52 (54.2)
|
8 (20.0)
|
|
Dehydration
|
12 (12.5)
|
11 (27.5)
|
|
Increased gastric absorption of fluids
|
-
|
3 (7.5)
|
|
Decreased global gastric secretion
|
3 (3.1)
|
2 (5.0)
|
|
Interaction of formula with gastric secretion
|
-
|
2 (5.0)
|
|
Increased osmolality of gastric content
|
1 (1.0)
|
1 (2.5)
|
|
Delayed gastric emptying
|
3 (3.1)
|
16 (40.0)
|
|
Postprandial time course of gastric acidity
|
-
|
1 (2.5)
|
|
Decreased "digestive capacity"
|
-
|
3 (7.5)
|
|
Decreased enzyme activity
|
-
|
2 (5.0)
|
|
Gastric Ca secretion
|
-
|
3 (7.5)
|
|
Gastric Ca+fat/protein precipitates
|
1 (1.0)
|
3 (7.5)
|
|
Respiratory distress syndrome
|
14 (14.6)
|
6 (15.0)
|
|
Birth asphyxia
|
9 (9.4)
|
4 (10.0)
|
|
Systemic infection
|
10 (10.4)
|
4 (10.0)
|
