Table 1 Remote assessment terminology
Term | Definition |
|---|---|
Services | |
e-health | The use of information and communication technologies for health [6] |
Remote assessment | Includes any type of remote monitoring (e.g., wearables, digital technology, clinician-administered assessments or outcome measures, patient reported outcomes) using internet, phone, or electronic means (not in person) [2] |
Telehealth | The use of electronic information and telecommunication technologies to remotely provide health care information and services. Includes all aspects of health-related activities through internet or other electronic means (not in person) including clinical, administrative and educational services [2, 3] |
Telemedicine | Refers specifically to delivery of clinical health-related services via internet or electronic means (not in person) [7] |
Telerehabilitation | Refers specifically to clinical rehabilitation services with the focus of evaluation, diagnosis, and treatment [8] |
Types of Remote Assessment | |
Bio-telemetry | The remote detection and measurement of a human or animal function, activity, or condition (such as heart rate or body temperature) |
Clinical Outcome Assessment. (COA) | A measure that describes or reflects how a patient feels functions or survives [9] Clinician Administered Assessment of Performance: A measurement based on standardized tasks actively undertaken by a patient according to a set of instructions. May be administered by an appropriately trained individual or completed by the patient independently Patient Reported Outcome Measure (PRO): A measurement based on a report that comes directly from the patient about the status of a patient’s health condition without amendment or interpretation of the patient’s response by a clinician or anyone else |
Digital Biomarkers | Objective, quantifiable, physiological, and behavioral data that are collected and measured by means of digital devices such as portables, wearables, implantables, or digestibles. The data collected are usually used to explain, influence, and or predict health related outcomes [10] |
Digital Health Technology | Uses software, sensors, connectivity, and other computing platforms for health care and related uses. Digital health more broadly includes wearables, telehealth, and telemedicine [9] |
Remote Patient Monitoring | Type of ambulatory healthcare where patients use mobile medical devices to perform a routine test and transmit the test data to a healthcare professional [11] |
Wearables | Sensors or applications that can collect health related data in-person or remotely [12] |