Characteristics | No. of trials, m | Fitted mean | 95% CI | F test | p value |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Inclusion criteria | |||||
Gender | 354 | 4.66 | 0.0101 | ||
Both | 64.21 | (51.30–80.36) | |||
Female | 105.11 | (70.26–157.26) | |||
Male | 38.08 | (15.93–91.00) | |||
Age categories a | 354 | 2.32 | 0.043 | ||
Children only | 44.44 | (29.90–66.05) | |||
Adults only | 75.84 | (53.16–108.21) | |||
Elderly only | 100.50 | (56.18–179.79) | |||
Children and adults | 73.17 | (48.83–109.64) | |||
Children to elderly | 56.93 | (42.19–76.84) | |||
Adults to elderly | 70.83 | (55.34–90.66) | |||
Study designs | |||||
Has DMC? b | 321 | 8.39 | 0.004 | ||
No | 53.90 | (41.26–70.41) | |||
Yes | 72.29 | (57.83–90.38) | |||
FDA regulated intervention? c | 347 | 2.31 | 0.1293 | ||
No | 71.04 | (55.51–90.92) | |||
Yes | 61.37 | (48.04–78.39) | |||
Interventions, facilities and authorities | |||||
Lead sponsor | 354 | 1.18 | 0.3179 | ||
US Federal | 15.15 | (2.72–84.37) | |||
Industry | 62.54 | (48.26–81.04) | |||
NIH | 69.66 | (28.97–167.50 | |||
Other | 67.80 | (53.39–86.09) | |||
Trial location | 354 | 4.53 | 0.0039 | ||
US only | 55.61 | (43.34–71.36) | |||
EU only | 100.14 | (69.12–145.08) | |||
US and EU | 76.58 | (51.07–114.83) | |||
Single European country | 69.98 | (54.48–89.90) | |||
No. of countries involved in the trial | 354 | 1.07 d | (1.01–1.13) | 5.86 | 0.016 |
Year that enrolment to the protocol begins | 354 | 0.83 | 0.5084 | ||
1990–1999 | 62.53 | (28.01–139.61) | |||
2000–2004 | 89.96 | (59.68–135.61) | |||
2005–2009 | 64.28 | (50.05–82.56) | |||
2010–2014 | 65.55 | (51.14–84.04) | |||
2015 and after | 64.43 | (39.24–105.79) | |||
Types of arms | 351 | 18.27 | <.0001 | ||
Experimental vs. Placebo | 52.82 | (41.54–67.17) | |||
Experimental vs. Standard | 106.78 | (83.63–136.33) | |||
Experimental vs. Experimental | 53.44 | (39.86–71.63) | |||
Non-experimental vs. Non-experimental | 59.78 | (45.57–78.43) |