Gene | Polymorphism/genotype | Implication | Population |
---|---|---|---|
Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) | DRB1*0405, DQB1*0401 | Increased disease susceptibility | Japanese |
 | Non-aspartic acids at DQβ1 57 | Increased relapse risk | Korean |
Cytotoxic T lymphocyte-antigen (CTLA-4) | +49A | Increased disease susceptibility | Chinese |
 | +6230G/G | Increased disease susceptibility | Japanese |
 | +6230A | Decreased disease susceptibility | Japanese |
 | +49A/A, +6230A/A | Increased relapse risk | Japanese |
Tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) | -893A | Other organ involvement | Chinese |
Fc receptor-like 3 (FCRL3) | -110A/A | Increased disease susceptibility | Japanese |