From: Corneal dystrophies
 | Disease onset | Visual acuity | Clinical appearance of cornea on slit-lamp biomicroscropy |
---|---|---|---|
SUPERFICIAL CORNEAL DYSTROPHIES | Â | Â | Â |
MECD | Early childhood | Vision rarely blurred | Multiple distinct epithelial vesicles |
RBCD | Childhood | Progressive visual impairment | Confluent irregular geographic opacities in Bowman layer and superficial stroma |
TBCD | First/second decade | Progressive visual impairment | Subepithelial honeycomb opacities in central superficial cornea |
GDCD | First/second decade | Marked visual impairment | Subepithelial nodular deposits and late staining of fluorescein |
LECD | Childhood | Sometimes impaired | Epithelial opacities in different patterns |
ERED | First decade | Sometimes impaired | Epithelial erosions |
SMCD | First decade | Progressive loss of vision | Subepithelial opacities |
CORNEAL STROMAL DYSTROPHIES | Â | Â | Â |
MCD | Usually childhood | Eventually severe visual impairment | Thinner than normal cornea with diffuse corneal haze with irregular shaped whitish opacities |
GCD type I | Childhood | Progressive visual impairment | Well-defined granules that sometimes resemble crushed bread crumbs within a crystal clear cornea |
GCD type II | First/second decade | Progressive impairment of vision | Variable shaped opacities in a clear superficial mid stroma of the cornea. Lattice lines sometimes appear in deeper cornea |
LCD type I and variants | First decade | Progressive visual impairment | Delicate branching interwoven linear opacities occur in association with ovoid dots |
LCD type II | Third/fourth decade | Vision usually normal until sixth decade | Corneal opacities forming lattice lines are found mainly in the peripheral cornea |
FCD | At birth | Normal | small discrete dandruff or ring shaped, fleck like opacities |
SCD | Early in life | Progressive decrease in visual acuity | Central corneal haze or subepithelial crystals |
CSCD | Before birth | Moderate to severe visual loss | Diffuse corneal clouding with flake-like opacities throughout stroma |
PACD | Infancy or childhood | Mildly affected | Diffuse sheet-like opacities especially in posterior corneal stroma |
POSTERIOR DYSTROPHIES | Â | Â | Â |
FECD | Variable but usually fourth decade or later | Progressive visual impairment | Diffuse thickening of Descemet membrane with excrescences (guttae). Endothelial cells sparse and atrophic |
PPCD | Early childhood | Rarely progressive visual impairment | Variable shaped abnormalities of the corneal endothelium |
CHED1 | Occasionally at birth, but usually in first/second decade | Blurred vision that worsens in the morning | Thickened cornea with diffuse clouding with occasional focal gray spots |
CHED2 | At birth | Blurred vision | Thickened cornea with diffuse clouding with occasional focal gray spots |
XECD | At birth | Blurred vision common in males | Cloudy cornea (only in males) with moon crater-like endothelial cells |